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4 4 8 Simons, Magner and Baku <br />Cities with sales tax received the benefit of the sales tax collected on the <br />construction materials sold that were used in the rehab project. This benefit totaled <br />$31,493, or $248 per unit of output. Exhibit 5 summarizes the per-unit and total <br />fiscal benefits for each type of benefit. <br />Fiscal Benefit:Cost Analysis <br />A benefit:cost analysis involves the calculation of present values for all costs and <br />benefits over a stated period of time and compares the two in a ratio. The product <br />of this analysis is the benefit:cost ratio, which indicates the amount of a cost <br />needed to generate the corresponding benefit. For instance, a beneficcost ratio o <br />1:2 nicans that in order to generate one unit of benefit, two units of cost 111ust be <br />used. This correslionds to a fiscal benefit of $0.54 per invested public doilar. The <br />averaigge benefwcost r itio for the ten programs in this study was just uuntkwr 1:2. <br />Only two progranis had benefit:cost ratios that were greater than one, '%Vhich would <br />ivadicaater fiat suksidies could be; justified based solely on fiscal fitclors. Exhibit 6 <br />shows the total costs and benefits for each of the ten case study programs. <br />Another way to look at the benefit:cost ratio is to consider the city's return for <br />every dollar spent. In the sample, the typical experience was that a dollar invested <br />Exhibit 7 1 Return on Cities' Investment <br />NWO <br />Return on $1 Invested ($) <br />Aberdeen <br />0.35 <br />Barberton <br />0.80 <br />Battle Creek <br />22.67 <br />Kansas City, KS <br />0.43 <br />LaGrange <br />0.29 <br />Manchester <br />1.01 <br />New Orleans <br />0.28 <br />Phoenix <br />0.65 <br />San Antonio <br />0.42 <br />San Diego <br />0.77 <br />Average (9) <br />0.56 <br />Average (all 10) <br />2.77 <br />Median (all 10) <br />0.54 <br />Note: Because Battle Creek is so different from the others, an analysis was run with the remaining <br />NWOs. <br />ON <br />