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SOIL ENGINEERING <br />CLASSIFICATION OF SOILS FOR ENGINEERING PURPOSES <br />ASTM Designation: D 2487 - 83 <br />(Based on Unified Soil Classification System) <br />Criteria for Assigning Group Symbols end Group Names Using Laboratory Testa' <br />Sal Classic' tahon <br />Coarse-Grained Soils Gravels <br />More lhan 50% retained on More Than 50% corn <br />No 200 sieve traction retained on <br />No. 4 sieve <br />Fine.Gremed Soils <br />50% or more passes me <br />No. 200 sieve <br />Clean Gravels <br />Less than 6% fines° <br />Cute and t%Ccs3e <br />Group <br />Symtol <br />Group Name° <br />GW Well graded grave <br />Cus4 and /or 1 >Cc >3e <br />GP Poorly graded grave <br />Gravels with Fines Fines classify as ML or MH GM Silty gravel' <br />More then 12% Ilrres° <br />Fines classify as CL or CH <br />GC Clayey gravel` G" <br />Sands <br />50% or more of coarse <br />fraction No. <br />4 sieve <br />Clean Sands <br />Less than 5% Mn° <br />Cu;!6 and fs Ccs3E <br />SW wen-graded sand' <br />Cush and/or 1>Cce3r <br />SP Poorly graded sand <br />Sands with Finn Fines classify as ML Of MH SM Silty sand° "' <br />More than 12% lines° <br />Finns classify as CL or CH <br />SC Clayey sands"' <br />Sifts end Clays <br />Liquid [hull less than 50 <br />Inorganlc <br />organic <br />P1 >7 and plots on or above CL Lean clay"' <br />"A" lined <br />Pica or plots below "A" ML Sin" t" <br />anti <br />Liquid limit • oven dried OL Orgamc Clay" t u x <br /><0.75 <br />Liquid limit • not dried Organic file` m° <br />Silts and Clays <br />Liquid limit 50 a more <br />Inorganic <br />Pt plots on or above "A" line CH Fat clay"' 4. <br />PI plots below "A" tine <br />MH Elastic <br />organic <br />Liquid Ilmil • oven dried <0 75 OH Organic clay" 1 ° P <br />Lquld omit • not dried <br />Organc silt" O0 <br />Hphly organic soils Primarily organic matter, dark In cots, and organic odor <br />PT Peat <br />"Basal on 1N malan& wssmg IN 3.m. p5.nm1 stew. <br />a111Nq sample contained yobbies d Nvkn. d bolo, add <br />"won cdlblel d boulders. p Nth" 10 group name. <br />(payola won 5 to 12% lines mount dual symbols: <br />OW.GM wengradad gravel with 1al <br />OW.GC weugradad gravel PPM day <br />GP-0M comb graded brawl wen set <br />OP -GC poorly graded gravel warn day <br />°Saes *4111 5 10 12% Mtes tequW• dual symbols: <br />SW.SM wengradad end with al <br />SW-SC wengraded sand *4141 day <br />SP.SM posy graded sand *PM 141 <br />SP-SC poorly gradad sand wn41 day <br />SIEVE ANALYSIS <br />1 1 • N•a I my( .0 <br />1} i. k k a '0 10 m SO <br />ioo,,,IUllll♦■f..1 <br />11 \I ■USSf■•1 <br />_ _ 1111uN•aR■m1 <br />so 1111\ o-- Ise. MINI <br />- 11111N11111111111111111111 <br />i 01111.'1♦•t,�al <br />,111��, o « -e.s «w 1■l <br />a to 1111 !l��N�1 <br />1111 S•k�91i <br />1111�������1 <br />loo <br />100 <br />1 <br />e: <br />so y <br />o„ -Dots <br />- i r <br />00 <br />so m " <br />PARTICLE SIZE IN M LLIMETERS <br />c• - - -sac Ct .1' iii lfff ss <br />ID )2 <br />ecu . Dso IDIO Cc <br />Clio 'Op <br />Pk son comasa=1S% sand. add "with sand" 10 group <br />all line daaaly a CLML. use dual symbol CIC.OM. or <br />RC-SM. <br />Nil alas an organic. add "wmr orgada fine" 10 poop <br />ram*. <br />if son canlett5% grave, add "with pawl" 10 gram <br />It Anlrtarg arms plot in notched ale, sat • • CLMl <br />silly clay. <br />PR soil Cpma4S 1510 2945 pad No 200. NM "wren san0 <br />or "won gravel." whcMwr n prOOOrnw4nt <br />ee toil contamst30% pus no 200. padommantly sand <br />add "Sandy" t0 t0 group name <br />MR SOiI ca41aent00% pus NO 200. padommaney <br />rani. add "p•w"y" 10 group name <br />"Neil and pas on or apprs "A" low <br />°P14• of pas Oalow "A" Mow <br />Pt plots on of atom ^A" rote <br />°Pt pea below "A" Me <br />Far cIess Ilie.t le of fine- Faint* r <br />/ <br />r <br />ea fnle•paled tract len el CCadrmirrMfd / <br />Page 58 <br />LIQUID L MIT ILL/ <br />0 <br />