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WSB Pavement Management Report Page 111 This treatment provides resurfacing from 3/8" to 3/4" thick and returns traffic use in one hour under average conditions. This can be applied in multiple applications and provide minor reprofiling. Micro surfacing can also fill wheel ruts up to 1 1/2" in depth in one pass and produces high surface friction. PRESERVATION An overlay involves placing a new layer of bituminous material on top of an existing asphalt surface. A mill and overlay involves grinding all or a portion of the in-place asphalt surface and topping it with a bituminous wearing course over the entire surface. This type of action provides a structural improvement to the roadway. We recommended pavement coring to evaluate the subsurface conditions. Information such as depths of pavement layers, signs of bonding and de -bonding, and distresses that are not visible from the road surface can be obtained through pavement coring. Texas underseal is a non -conventional pavement preservation method, which a chip seal is placed under an overlay. The chip seal layer acts as stress relief membrane providing a crack resistance asphalt layer. We recommend that the City consider Texas undersea) for overlay projects. RECLAMATION There are two conventional types of reclamation, which are full depth reclamation (FDR) and stabilized full depth reclamation (SFDR). FDR involves grinding the asphalt pavement with a portion of the underlying base, followed by an overlay or a surface treatment. SFDR is FDR with the addition of stabilizing additive, which are asphalt based, chemical based, or compaction aids. The asphalt additives can be foamed asphalt or asphalt emulsion. Reclamation brings the pavement condition back to a 100 (perfect condition) rating. RECONSTRUCTION Reconstruction includes removing and replacing the existing pavement and subgrade. Subsurface water management is a significant component of a reconstruction project. Thus, addressing roadway drainage is included in roadway reconstruction projects. Reconstruction also brings the pavement condition back to a 100 (perfect condition) rating.