05/07/1990 Park Board Packet - Laserfiche WebLink

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APPENDIX A. TECHNICAL TERMS 1. Cambium - Tissue within the woody portion of trees and shrubs which gives rise to the woody water and nutrient conducting system, and the energy substrate transport system in trees. Cambium growth activity results in a tree's radial development, i.e. , increase in diameter. 2. Cambial dieback - The irreparable radial or vertical interruption of a tree's cambium, usually caused by mechanical damage, such as "skinning bark" ; or from excessive heat. 3 . Coniferous - Belonging to the group of cone-bearing evergreen trees or shrubs. 4. Critical root zone - The rooting area of a tree established to limit root disturbances. This zone is generally defined as a circle with a radius extending from a tree's trunk to a point no less than the furthest crown dripline. Disturbances within this zone will directly affect a tree's chance for survival. 5. Deciduous - Not persistent; the shedding of leaves annually. 6. Feeder roots - A complex system of small annual roots growing outward and predominantly upward from the system of "transport roots" . These roots branch four or more times to form fans or mats of thousands of fine, short, non- woody tips. Many of these small roots and their multiple tips are 0 . 2 to imm or less in diameter, and less than 1 to 2mm long. These roots constitute the major fraction of a tree's root system surface area, and are the primary sites of absorption of water and nutrients. 7 . Major woody roots - First order tree roots, originating at the "root collar" and growing horizontally in the soil to a distance of between 3 and 15 feet from the tree's trunk. These roots branch and decrease in diameter to give rise to "rope roots" . The primary function of major woody roots include anchorage, structural support, the storage of food reserves, and the transport of minerals and nutrients. 8. Root collar - The point of attachment of major woody roots to the tree trunk, usually at or near the groundline and associated with a marked swelling of the tree trunk. 9 . Root respiration - An active process occurring throughout the feeder root system of trees, and involving the consumption of oxygen and sugars with the release of energy and carbon-dioxide. Root respiration facilitates the uptake and transport of minerals and nutrients essential for tree survival. 10. Rope roots - An extensive network of woody second order roots arising from major woody roots, occurring within the surface 12 to 18 inches of local soils, and with an average size ranging from . 25 to 1 inch in diameter. The primary function of rope roots is the transport of water and nutrients, and the storage of food reserves.