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under which each driver has an equal chance of being selected each time selections are made. <br />These random tests will be conducted throughout the calendar year. Each driver who is notified <br />of selection for random testing must cease performing safety -sensitive functions and report to the <br />designated test site immediately. It is mathematically possible drivers may be selected be picked <br />and tested more than once, and others not at all. <br />If a driver is selected for a random test while he or she is absent, on leave or away from work, <br />that driver may be required to undergo the test when he or she returns to work. <br />Federal law requires the City to test at a rate of at least fifty percent (50%) of its average number <br />of drivers for controlled substance each year, and to test at a rate of at least ten percent (10%) of <br />its average number of drivers for alcohol each year. These minimum testing rates are subject to <br />change by the DOT. <br />Reasonable Suspicion Testing <br />When a supervisor has reasonable suspicion to believe a driver has engaged in conduct <br />prohibited by federal law or this policy, the City will require the driver to submit to an alcohol <br />and/or controlled substance test. <br />The City's determination that reasonable suspicion exists to require the driver to undergo an <br />alcohol test will be based on "specific, contemporaneous, articulable observations concerning the <br />appearance, behavior, speech, or body odors of the driver." In the case of controlled substance, <br />the observations may include indications of the chronic and withdrawal effects of a controlled <br />substance. <br />The required observations for reasonable suspicion testing will be made by a supervisor or other <br />person designated by the City who has received appropriate training in identification of actions, <br />appearance and conduct of a driver which are indicative of the use of alcohol or controlled <br />substance. These observations leading to an alcohol or controlled substance test, will be reflected <br />in writing and signed by the supervisor who made the observations. The record will be retained <br />by the City. The person who makes the determination that reasonable suspicion exists to conduct <br />testing, will not be the person conducting the testing, which shall instead be conducted by <br />another qualified person. <br />Alcohol testing is authorized only if the observations are made during, just before, or just after <br />the driver has ceased performing such functions. If a reasonable suspicion alcohol test is not <br />administered within two (2) hours following the determination of reasonable suspicion, the City <br />will prepare and maintain on file a record stating the reasons the alcohol test was not promptly <br />administered. If a reasonable suspicion alcohol test is not administered within eight (8) hours <br />following the determination of reasonable suspicion, the City will prepare and maintain on file a <br />record stating the reasons the alcohol test was not administered, and will cease attempts to <br />conduct the alcohol test. <br />Notwithstanding the absence of a reasonable suspicion test, no driver may report for duty or <br />remain on duty requiring the performance of safety -sensitive functions while the driver is under <br />the influence of or impaired by alcohol, as shown by the behavioral, speech, and performance <br />indicators of alcohol use, nor will the City permit the driver to perform or continue to perform <br />51 <br />