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Lino Lakes Main Street - AUAR 12 August 2025 overall extreme heat vulnerability in urban areas where there are dense concentrations of these surfaces. This is referred to as urban heat island effect. Extreme heat vulnerability means how likely people or communities are to suffer from health problems due to extreme heat. The Metropolitan Council’s Extreme Heat Map Tool shows land surface temperature for the Twin Cities region with green representing areas of low land surface temperature, yellow representing medium temperature, and red representing high temperature. According to the map , the AUAR study area is located in an area of medium heat vulnerability.5 Precipitation According to the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEIS), historic average annual precipitation in Anoka County between 200 4 and 2024 was approximately 30.49 inches, with the lowest average in 2022 (20.9 7 inches) and the highest average in 2020 (37.6 inches), as shown in Figure 6. Average annual precipitation under an immediate emissions pathway (SSP 245) in Anoka County from 2040 -2059 is projected to be 34.4 inches. From 2080-2099, average annual precipitation is projected to be 33.3 inches and 33.4 under RCP 4.5 and 35.70 under an intermediate (SSP 245) and high emissions pathway (SSP 370), respectively.6 Figure 6: NCEI County Time Series - Average Precipitation Trends for Anoka County Flood Risk The study area has mapped floodplain from both FEMA and Rice Creek Watershed District (RCWD). The FEMA floodplain is delineated as Special Flood Hazard Zone A. Zone A is determined through approximate methods and does not have a base flood elevation associated with the delineation. The 100-year floodplain is delineated based on the area that has a 1% chance or greater of inundation from a flooding source in any given year. According to RCWD, the majority of the 100-year floodplain within the study area is one foot in depth or less outside of the ditch systems. Both FEMA and RCWD floodplain areas require permitting approvals prior to impacts or construction within the floodplain. 5 Extreme Heat Map Tool. Metropolitan Council. Available at https://metrocouncil.org/Communities/Planning/Local- Planning-Assistance/CVA/Tools-Resources.aspx 6 Minnesota CliMAT. University of Minnesota. Available at https://app.climate.umn.edu/?output_type=modelVal&scenario=ssp370_2080- 2099&model=ensemble&variable=tmax-degF&time_frame=yearly&aoi=none#intro_pane Page 42 of 679