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• • • _— Quring_tL e Storm DEICING Deicing is a reactive operation in which a deicer is applied to the top of an accumulation of snow, ice, or frost that is already bonded to the pavement surface. Deicing generally costs more than anti-icing in materials, time, equipment, and environ- mental damage. Removing ice that has already bonded to the pavement can be difficult, and removing it mechanically can damage equip- ment and roads. Generally, enough ice must be melted chem- ically to break the bond between the ice and the pavement, which requires larger quantities of chemical than anti- icing. • Use an appropriate amount of salt. Most oversalting can be prevented by using calibrated, speed - synchronized spreaders and good judgment in selecting application rates and truck speed. • It is not necessary to melt all the snow or ice on the road with salt. This is an overuse of materials. Apply just enough to loosen the bond between the road and the ice so it can be plowed off. • See the Application Rate Guidelines on pages 17 -18 of this handbook. • Dilution of Solution (see page 2) also applies to deicing. 9 Use cautiously. Many chemicals contain trace metals including cyanide, arsenic, lead, and mercury. The goal is not to melt everything. The goal is to penetrate through the ice and snow and break the bond so the pavement can be plowed.