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CITY OF <br />LINO LAS <br />10/24/94 <br />Water Quality Program <br />Three classes of water quality models exist: runoff models, <br />receiving water models, and groundwater models. Runoff models <br />simulate water - transported pollutants over and through soil to <br />streams or channels. Receiving water models simulate the flow of <br />water and pollutants in large rivers and reservoirs. Groundwater <br />models simulate aquifer response to recharge, drainage, and the <br />addition of soluble water quality constituents. <br />Hundreds of surface water models have been developed. One of <br />the earliest was the USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation) using <br />watershed and climate facts to predict soil loss from small <br />watersheds. More recently, models have attempted to add <br />sediment, erosion, and chemical processes to hydrologic models. <br />Of the large number of such models, very few are capable of being <br />effective management tools. Listed below are several models that <br />are currently available. <br />HSPF <br />ANSWERS <br />PRMS <br />CREAMS <br />AGNPS I/ <br />AGNPS II <br />SWRRB <br />SPUR <br />SWAM <br />Hydrologic Simulation Program - Fortran (U.S. <br />Environmental Protection Agency by Hydrocomp) <br />The Areal Nonpoint Source Watershed Environment <br />Response Simulation (Purdue University) <br />Precipitation- Runoff Modeling System (U.S. <br />Geological Survey) <br />Chemicals Runoff and Erosion from Agricultural <br />Management Systems (U.S. Department of <br />Agriculture) <br />Agricultural Nonpoint Source Pollution Model <br />Minnesota Pollution Control Agency <br />Simulation for Water Resources in Rural Basis <br />(Developed from CREAMS) <br />Simulation of Production and Utilization of <br />Rangelands (U.S. Department of Agriculture) <br />Small Watershed Model (Developed from CREAMS) <br />Local Water Management Plan SEH No. A- LINOL9402.00 <br />Reference Document Page 46 <br />