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Ind infarmation. <br />In London Grove Township. Pennsylvania. <br />for example. the stormwater plan contains <br />an analysis of stormwater flow. thermal im- <br />pacts, runoff quality, erosion and sedimenta- <br />tion, and groundwater recharge. It further <br />contains a delineation of the outcrop area of <br />Cockeysville Marble, a high yielding aquifer <br />that is vulnerable to groundwater contami- <br />nation. The selection of management prac- <br />tices considers the origins of stormwater (di- <br />vided into three harmfulness classes) and <br />the classifications of streams in the township <br />as cold water fishery streams, some with <br />'exceptional value," and others as trout <br />stocking streams. <br />Setting standards <br />Municipalities have the legal authority to <br />set standards that relate to public health, <br />safety, and environmental quality. Standards <br />are numerical thresholds that separate ac- <br />ceptable and unacdeptable impacts. A stan- <br />dard that most municipalities have in their <br />books is that pre - development runoff peak <br />flows not exceed post - developme ...peak <br />flows. In order to rotect str „a,� a re- <br />source, sere n- <br />dar or the concerns described above. <br />A stormwater management ordinance <br />Stormwater management requirements are <br />often part of the subdivision regulations of a <br />municipality where, together with erosion <br />and sediment control, they take up but a <br />few pages. In order to achieve clean stream <br />goals, stormwater management should be <br />addressed through a separate ordinance that <br />iparian Forest Buffer <br />Riparian Forest Bider <br />Figure 6. The "wooded riparian forest buffer" shades the headwater <br />stream and keeps it cool. Concentrated storm flows are reconverted to <br />sheet flow through a level spreader and infiltrated in part before they <br />reach the stream. <br />relates to, and implements, the stormwater <br />plan. It should contain a statement of find- <br />ings, explain its legal base, and set forth de- <br />sign standards and criteria. The ordinance <br />should come into play whenever a change <br />in land use is being sought, giving the de- <br />veloper a comprehensive set of stormwater <br />management requirements, management <br />measures, and design standards and criteria. <br />Before development can commence, the de- <br />veloper should be required to make a plan <br />submission that follows a defined format <br />and is subject to a review and approval <br />process. Such a process should permit inter- <br />action between parties, and, if necessary, for <br />modifications to be made to the plan. There <br />should be defined permit requirements and <br />procedures including guidelines for fees, a <br />Attenuation at <br />Seduce Prior to <br />Colneatratlen <br />Coneeyaane <br />Pre - Treatment <br />b <br />Contention <br />for Peak <br />Central <br />V <br />Extended Detention/ <br />Dententlee ter <br />Quality Centred <br />Infiltration <br />ter Northam' <br />ry lemaet <br />Mitigation le... <br />Temp raiIre Cantrell <br />Maintenance <br />Figure 7. Components of a stormwater management system. <br />JANUARY — FEBRUARY 1994 19 <br />