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22 <br />Grade-separated Crossing <br /> <br />Vertical separation of a pedestrian crossing (over or under a roadway) are most applicable for high <br />volume and high speed roadways, railroads, and other topographically challenging locations or <br />physical barriers. The overpass or underpass should always try to be conveniently located to <br />reduce out-of-direction travel. It is a proven safety strategy for reducing crashes per the FHWA <br />with a typical crash reduction of 87 percent. Cost is typically significant and can vary wildly and is <br />dependent upon the surrounding context. <br /> Removal of Infrastructure <br />Conditions that contribute to the need for a crossing enhancement may change over time, or a <br />crossing may no longer be needed. When a roadway surface is to be impacted by reconstruction <br />or resurfacing, a review should be performed to determine their use and need. If a crosswalk or <br />crossing meets the criteria outlined in this assessment, it should be maintained. If it does not meet <br />the criteria, it should be brought to the City Engineer for consideration of removal. In lieu of a <br />removal, a crossing may also be reviewed for changes to align with the latest guidance or changing <br />conditions. <br />Source: Minnesota Department of Transportation