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SENT BY:DPRA St.Paul, MN L. C. 12-39 ; 9:35AM 612 227 5y522-^ 612 407 413141-1 e0a CLUSTER 6U31?1V1510N s .� Site area = 20 scree 1/4 acre late Density =1.45 DU/Acro Total impervioua 6urfacii = 10.7% (2.14 acres) Lz* imperviouo aurfaoo = 14% Deslgnated open apace = 10 acres Read length = 2.127 feet (2Z width) FIGURE S. Clustering reduces overall site imperviousness. Saatra; John Alesopaulos, University of Connecticut feet of office floor space is often almost twice what is actually needed. Using a generic, medium-sized office building as a hypothetical example, he shows chat a typical parking supply ratio of 3.8 results in an extra 55,000 square feet of parking lot, compared to using a more factually -based ratio of 2.5. The City of Olympia found not only parking over. supply, with vacancy races of 60-70%, buc also devel. opers consistently building parking above minimum ratios, with 51% more parking spaces at their 15 survey sites Chan were required by zoning (City of Olympia 1994e). This agrees with our observation char, at least in Connecticut, overbuilding of parking appears co be a recent trend with "big box" retail score developers, who typically require at least 5 spaces per 1,000 square feet, principally to meet peak demands on weekends and during the busy period from Thanksgiving to Christmas. Reductions in parking -related impervious cover- APA JOURNAL- SPRING 1996 STANDARD SU13DIV15ION Site area = 20 acres 1/2 acre loe5 Density _ 1.45 DU/Acro Total Impervious surface - 17.5% (3.5 acres) Lot lmpeMoue surface=13,71: Deolgnated open space = 2.6 acres Road length = 2+390 feet (W width) age can be acraincd in ways other than adjusring pn rk ing supply ratios. Shoop (1995) suggests that parkin}; can be reduced through economic incentives char rt feccively end the subsidy provided by employer-poi.l parking. Employee commuter option programs, man dated by the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 in areas of "severe nonatrainmene for ozone standar.l,.. hold some promise for reducing parking demand. I'I i. Olympia study (City of Olympia 1994d) coaduth,l that sharing, joining, or coordinating parking facilil ie- . can reduce parking significandy, Finally, verrical goi ages (above or below ground) can be encouraged, al though rhis alternative can be expensive. Many ..I these strategies were recently combined in an innov.j tive office park design in Lacey, Washington, where 11 . new 360,000-square-foot headquarters of the state Du partment of Ecology was designed around a "parkir.q, diet" chat slashed parking spaces from 1500 to 7.w (Uncermann 1995).