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ACLU of Minnesota
AUTHOR
Eric Hauge (/en/biographies/eric-hauge)
JUNE 19, 2018
Er ic
Hauge
is the
executive director of HOME Line, a nonprofit organization that
provides f ree legal , organizing, educational , and advocacy ser vices so
tenants throughout Minnesota can solve their own rental housing
problems. Lear n more at homelinemn .org (https://homelinemn.org).
As a Minnesot a-based stat ewide tenant rights organization that
advises roughly 15,000 rent er households annually, our organization
(http://homelinemn.org) has witnessed numerous Minnesota cities
adopting rent al housing disorderly conduct, nuisance, and/or crime-
free ordinances (hereafter abbreviated CFOs) over the past 20 years.
In general these ty pes of ordinances provide cities the ability to issue
penalties t o landlords or revoke rental licenses if there is repeated
disorderly, nuisance or criminal behavior occurring at or around their
rental property.
THE PROBLEM WITH CRIME-FREE HOUSING
ORDINANCES
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A little over a year ago HOME Line initiated a preliminary analysis
outlining a list of metro-area communities that have enacted local
ordinances governing conduct at rental properties. T he research
identified nearly 50 cities in the 7-count y T win Cities metro area that
regulat e such activities within rental housing, most of which penalize
landlords in some fashion if they do not pursue lease termination
and/or eviction for certain activities. In 18 cities, codes require that
landlords include detailed lease language or lease addendums that
outline specific “good causes” for t ermination of the tenancy. This
analysis prompted key questions. Are these ordinances actually
helping prevent crime? How are tenants notified of such actions? How
might CFOs influence tenants perceptions about their ability t o seek
emergency assistance?
HOME Line is concerned about how CFOs potentially lead to harmful
outcomes for tenants—both in their direct enforcement on individual
families as well as related to broader implications on rent ers’ rights to
fair, safe, and uninfringed access to police and emergency ser vices.
We regularly advise tenants about public safet y concerns and we want
cities to care about and regulate rental housing t o ensure decent , safe,
healthy housing. Cities asking t enants to follow the law and requiring
landlords to protect their tenants from criminal actions against them
is not inherently bad, but cer tainly the details around implementation
and community perception of such regulation could contr ibute t o fear
of calling for help or even unjust involunt ary displacement.
And details matter—they can mean the difference between a police-
related call counting against a landlord or a call for emergency
assistance or a response to domestic abuse already exempted from
such penalties by Minnesota state law
(https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/cite/504b.205). Fur ther, on a
national level, the U.S. Depar tment of Housing and Urban
Development issued guidance in 2016
(https://www.hud.gov/sites/documents/FINALNU ISANCEORDGDNCE.PDF)
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outlining that enforcement of these local policies, depending on the
scenario, could be a violation of the Fair Housing Act .
HOME Line suppor ts the ACLU’s legal challenge (https://www.aclu-
mn.org/en/news/minnesota-citys-ordinance-illegally-targets-people-color-rental-
housing) to the Cit y of Faribault’s Rental Licensing Ordinance for a
number of reasons. First , Faribault’s cr ime-free ordinances are among
the most aggressive that HOME Line has reviewed while advising
renters throughout Minnesota. T he city requires cr iminal background
screening of all adult prospective tenants, retention of that
information, and release of the information to the city. Second,
landlords are ordered to “actively pursue the eviction of the tenants or
termination of the lease with the t enants who violate the terms of the
lease and/or the crime-free/ drug-free housing lease addendum.”
Lastly, the occupancy standards included in Faribault’s Rental
Licensing chapt er are above and beyond what many cities require,
and they are enforced only on residential rental proper ties. T hese
standards, intentionally or not , directly and without cause impact
families and children, and they appear to be specifically targeting
Faribault’s Somali population. In most Minnesota cities, rental
proper ties are simply regulat ed under the same occupancy standards
as other residential properties (commonly within zoning or fire codes).
Considering that Faribault’s ordinances are more intr usive than most
Minnesot a cities where HOME Line advises renters, and that it
appears that the drive t o enact or intensify these provisions were in
response to the changing demographics of the city, we agree that the
city should repeal these ordinances immediately and work with
renters, advocates, and community stakeholders to reform local rental
licensing policies.
For tunately, some Minnesota cities are taking note of the impacts of
CFOs. For example, Minneapolis cit y council member Phillipe
Cunningham has moved for ward on changes
(http://www.star tribune.com/minneapolis-reconsiders-its-eviction-oriented-
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approach-t o-landlords/485045801/) to the city’s Conduct on Premises
ordinances following a critical repor t on the impact of the policy by
the Police Conduct Oversight Commission
(https://lims.minneapolismn.gov/Download/RCA/4711/Eviction%20Study%20v2.1.pdf).
Other cities should take Minneapolis’s lead on evaluating the impacts
of their local CFOs (prioritizing a racial equity lens in such reviews),
considering amending CFOs to include impor tant tenant protections,
and identify other key changes to ensure these ordinances comply
with while also affirmatively fur thering Fair Housing.