HomeMy WebLinkAbout#06 - Outdoor Lighting Ordinance STAFF REPORT
DATE: 3/6/18
REGULAR
ITEM #: 6
MOTION
TO: City Council
FROM: Emily Becker, Planning Director
AGENDA ITEM: Outdoor Lighting Ordinance
REVIEWED BY: Ben Prchal, City Planner
BACKGROUND:
The creation of an outdoor lighting ordinance is an item on the 2018 Planning Commission Work Plan.
The Council has expressed concern that the current lighting ordinance is too strict and that there are a
number of non-compliant properties.
ISSUE BEFORE COUNCIL:
The Council is being asked to review other cities’ outdoor lighting ordinance and a proposed draft
ordinance and provide feedback.
PROPOSAL DETAILS/ANALYSIS:
What’s currently in the City Code regarding outdoor lighting?
Definitions. Section 11.01: Definitions of the City Code, defines the following:
• DIRECT LIGHT. Light emitted directly from a lamp, off a reflector, or through a refractor
of a luminaire.
• FULL CUTOFF LUMINAIRE. Luminaire that allows no direct light emissions higher
than 15 degrees below a horizontal plane through the luminaire’s lowest light-emitting part.
• GLARE. Direct light emitted from a luminaire that causes reduced vision or momentary
blindness.
• ILLUMINANCE. The level of light measured at a surface.
• LAMP. The component of a luminaire that produces the light.
• LIGHT TRESPASS. Light emitted by a luminaire that shines beyond the boundaries of
the property on which the luminaire is located.
• LUMEN. A unit of measurement of the light emitted from a source.
• LUMINAIRE. The complete lighting system, including the lamp and the fixture.
City Council 3/6/2018 Item #
Page 2
• PERMANENT OUTDOOR LUMINAIRE. Any luminaire or system of luminaries that is
outdoors and that is intended to be used for 7 days or longer.
Sections 150.035-150.038 of Chapter 150: General Provisions of Title XV: Land Usage of the Lake Elmo
City Code of Ordinances, attached, is analyzed below:
• Exterior Lighting Plan. An exterior lighting plan, prepared by a certified architect, landscape
architect, or lighting designer, is required at the time any exterior light is installed or modified for
projects, an exterior lighting plan shall be submitted to the city. The plan must include:
o Where the light is located
o Photometric plan for non-residential development
o Fixture data sheet for residential lighting
Staff Comment: It is common for cities to require a lighting plan for non-residential (including
multi-family dwelling) development. It is not common to require this for single and two-family
dwellings.
• Prohibited Lighting.
o Only full cut-off luminaires allowed
o No direct or sky-reflected glare (from floodlights or high temperature processes) directed
towards other properties
o No bare light bulbs.
o Light cast cannot exceed one foot candle on to a public street or 4/10 foot candles on to
residential properties.
Staff Comment: This is generally consistent with surrounding cities except for the provision that
bare light bulbs are prohibited. Staff has proposed striking the requirement that bare light bulbs are
prohibited and rather that they should not be visible from a public right-of-way
• Different Minimum Standards for Lights with Cutoff Angle Greater than and Less Than 90
Degrees. There are different standards for lighting with lighting with two different cutoff angles.
Restrictions are greater for lights with cutoff angles greater than 90 degrees, and this is to ensure
that no light is emitted above a horizontal plane parallel to the ground. Lights with cutoff angles
less than 90 degrees are less strict because the design ensures that its light source will not be directly
visible off-site. There are two maximum standards for both types of lights.
o Cutoff Angle Greater than 90 Degrees – can be exceeded for radius of 20 feet measured
from the center point of a light fixture.
Use and
District
Maximum Permitted
Illumination at a Point 6 Feet
Above the Ground (In Foot
Candles)
Maximum
Permitted
Height
All Residential
Districts 0.30 15 feet
City Council 3/6/2018 Item #
Page 3
All Non-
Residential
Districts
1.50 20 feet
o Cutoff Angle Less Than 90 Degrees - can be exceeded for radius of 20 feet
measured from the center point of a light fixture.
Use and
District
Maximum Permitted
Illumination at a Point 6 Feet
Above the Ground (In Foot
Candles)
Maximum
Permitted
Height
All Residential
Districts 1.00 15 feet
All Non-
Residential
Districts
3.00 30 feet
Staff Comment: While it is reasonable to require a different height for light poles, it is confusing
and cumbersome to require different standards for two different types of lights. Additionally, the
focus should be on light pollution caused to adjacent properties, not concern about maximum
illumination on a specific property. Staff has proposed striking this from the Code.
• Minimum Standards for Lighting on Agricultural Land. When a permanent outdoor luminaire
is placed on agricultural land, only Mercury lamps are to be permitted.
Staff Comment: This is very limiting and should be stricken from the Code. Mercury lamps are
declining in popularity. Staff has proposed striking this from the Code.
• No Standards for Temporary Lighting. The City’s current Lighting, Glare Control, and Exterior
Lighting Standards ordinance does not make exceptions for any kind of lighting. Some exceptions
could include the following:
• Ornamental lighting (low voltage light fixtures of 12 volts or less)
• Right-of-way lighting
• Required lighting (required by the Federal Aviation Administration or other State or Federal
Agency)
• Temporary lighting (public sporting events, theatrical or performance areas)
• Public safety lighting
• Holiday lights
Other Cities’ Examples. Staff has provided examples and a comparison table to compare Lake Elmo’s
Lighting, Glare Control, and Exterior Lighting Standards. A number of cities do not have outdoor lighting
standards within their City Code. Staff has presented these examples from cities that do have these
standards.
City Council 3/6/2018 Item #
Page 4
Staff Recommendation, Generally. Staff would recommend that the City adopt a lighting ordinance
similar to those of other cities. In general, the City’s lighting ordinance is a bit too cumbersome. Staff would
recommend that the City amend its lighting ordinance to be similar to those of comparable cities. The
proposed ordinance makes the following amendments to the current ordinance:
• Removes requirement that single and two-family dwellings submit a fixture data sheet for
residential lighting purposes.
• Requires that light cast on any adjacent property (not just residential) not exceed 4/10 foot candles
as measured from said property line.
• Sets forth height requirements from current ordinance, removing different requirements for lights
with a cutoff angle greater than or less 90 degrees (maximum 15 feet in height for light poles on
residential properties and 30 feet for non-residential properties).
• Sets forth exceptions from requirements for ornamental, right-of-way, temporary, required, and
public safety lighting.
Planning Commission Review. The Planning Commission reviewed proposed amendments to the City’s
Lighting, Glare Control, and Exterior Lighting Standards at its February 26, 2018 meeting. The Planning
Commission had suggested one small changes in regards to temporary lighting to remove reference to
wattage and volts, as with new technology, this may not affect lumens. The Planning Commission
recommended approval of the proposed ordinance amendments 7-0 but expressed their desire that for new
lighting to be reviewed with building permits for new construction.
FISCAL IMPACT:
None.
OPTIONS:
The Council may:
• Adopt Ord. 08-202 as presented.
• Specify amendments, deletions or additions to the City’s Lighting, Glare Control, and Exterior
Lighting Standards and adopt Ord. 08-202 as amended.
• Specify and direct Staff to prepare amendments, deletions or additions to the City’s Lighting, Glare
Control, and Exterior Lighting Standards and bring back to a future meeting.
• Do not adopt Ord. 08-202, making no amendments to the City’s Lighting, Glare Control, and
Exterior Lighting Standards.
RECOMMENDATION:
Staff and the Planning Commission recommend that Council approve the recommended amendments to the
City’s Lighting, Glare Control, and Exterior Lighting Standards.
“Move to adopt Ord. 08-202 approving amendments to the City’s Lighting, Glare Control, and Exterior
Lighting Standards.”
City Council 3/6/2018 Item #
Page 5
Additionally, Staff recommends that Council adopt Resolution 2018- authorizing summary publication of
Ord. 08-202.
“Move to adopt Resolution 2018-022 authorizing summary publication of Ord. 08-202.”
ATTACHMENTS:
• Other cities’ lighting ordinances comparison and summary table
• Draft Ord. 08-202
• Summary Publication Resolution 2018-022
City Requires
Lighting Plan
Require Full
Cutoff
Addresses
Bare Light
Bulbs
Lighting on
Streets
Maximum
Illumination on
Residential
Properties
Maximum
Illumination on
Non-Residential
Properties
Maximum Light Pole
Height Misc
Lake Elmo
For any project
- including
residential
Yes
No bare light
bulbs are
permitted
Not to exceed
1 footcandle
Not to exceed
4/10 foot candles
at property line
(0.3 footcandles
for cutoff angles
greater than 90
degrees and 1.00
for cutoff angles
less than 90
degrees)
Not to exceed 1.5
footcandles for
cutoff angles
greater than 90
degrees and 3.00
footcandles for
cutoff angles less
than 90 degrees)
Residential districts: 15 ft
and non-residential
districts: 20 ft for cutoff
angles greater than 90
degrees and 30 ft for
cutoff angles less than 90
degrees
Maplewoo
d
Only for
recreational,
multiple-
dwellling or
nonresidential
development
Does not
address full
cutoff
Does not
prohibit bare
light bulbs
Must be
concealed
from public
street
Not to exceed
4/10 foot candles
at property line
Not to exceed
4/10 foot candles
at property line
25 ft
Bloom-
ington
Not required
for single and
two-family
dwellings
Yes - 90
degree cutoff
needed
Requires
lenses,
deflectors,
shields,
louvers, or
prismatic
control
devices to be
used to
eliminate
nuisance and
hazardous
lighting to
facilitate
compliance
with this
requirement
No limit
along public
street
Not to exceed
5/10 footcandle at
property line
Not to exceed 1
footcandle
Residential districts and
non-residential uses
within 300 ft of residential
districts: 28 ft and
office/industrial uses and
retail and service oriented
uses: 33 ft
Have separate standards for
signs, flagpoles, building
facades, canopy lighting,
and parking facilities. Have
minimum standards for
parking, building entrance
and exits, pedstrian access
Clearwater No
No - but lights
must be
hooded or
controlled in
some manner
to not direct
light into any
adjacent
property
No Not to exceed
0.5 footcandle
Not to exceed
5/10 footcandle at
property line
Not to exceed
5/10 footcandle at
property line
Not mentioned
Royalton
For any project
- including
residential
Yes, with
exceptions
Light source
must be fully
shielded
Lighting must
not exceed the
Illuminating
Engineering
Societ of
North
America
(IES)
requirements
Lighting must not
exceed the
Illuminating
Engineering
Societ of North
America (IES)
requirements
Lighting must not
exceed the
Illuminating
Engineering
Societ of North
America (IES)
requirements
Luminaires to be no
higher than 25 feet
uplighting prohibited
(except for flags)
Ham Lake
For certain
development -
not including
residential
development
Does not have a specific
lighting ordinance but
restricts lighting emitted
from industrial uses to
exceed 4 footcandles on
residential properties
Little
Canada
For certain
development -
not including
residential
development
Must be
hooded or
controlled in
some manner
to deflect light
away
Not to be
viewable
from
adjacent
property or
public right-
of-way
Not to exceed
1 footcandle
Not to exceed 4
footcandles as
measured from
said property
Not to exceed 4
footcandles as
measured from
residential
property
Not mentioned
Mounds
View
For certain
development -
not including
residential
development
Must be
hooded or
controlled in
some manner
to deflect light
away
Not to be
viewable
from
adjacent
property or
public right-
of-way
Not to exceed
1 footcandle
Not to exceed
4/10 footcandles
as measured from
said property
Not mentioned Not mentioned
Rogers
City may
require
submission of a
light
distribution
plan if deemed
necessary to
ensure
compliance
No
Only
approved in
conjunction
with a site
building plan
Mitigative
measures
must be
employed to
limit glare
and spill light
Not to exceed
5/10 footcandle at
property line
Not to exceed 1
footcandle
City may limit hours of
operationof outdoor
lighting if deemed
necessary
Orono Does not
specify
Yes - 90
degree cutoff
needed
No Not to exceed
1 footcandle
Not to exceed
4/10 footcandles
as measured from
said property
Not mentioned 30 feet
Light source to be setback a
minimum of 10 ft from
ROW and 5 ft from side or
rear lot line, parking lot
lights to be turned off one
hour after closing
1
CITY OF LAKE ELMO
COUNTY OF WASHINGTON
STATE OF MINNESOTA
ORDINANCE NO. 08-202
AN ORDINANCE AMENDING THE LAKE ELMO CITY CODE OF ORDINANCES BY
AMENDING REGULATIONS PERTAINING TO LIGHTING, GLARE CONTROL,
AND EXTERIOR LIGHTING STANDARDS
SECTION 1. The City Council of the City of Lake Elmo hereby amends Title XV: Land
Use; Chapter 150: General Provisions, by amending the following:
LIGHTING, GLARE CONTROL, AND EXTERIOR LIGHTING
STANDARDS
§ 150.035 PURPOSE.
The purpose of §§ 150.035 et seq. is to promote the public health, safety, and general welfare
of the community while protecting motor vehicle operators, pedestrians, and adjacent land uses
from glare. regulate the spillover of light and glare on rural areas of the community, pedestrians,
and land uses in the proximity of the light source to evaluate the impact of light source on the
safety of adjacent traffic.
(1997 Code, § 1350.01) (Am. Ord. 97-17, passed 9-16-1997)
§ 150.036 EXTERIOR LIGHTING PLAN.
(A) (1) Except for single and two-family dwellings, At the time any exterior light is installed
or modified for projects, an exterior lighting plan shall be submitted to the city in order to
determine whether the purpose and requirements of §§ 150.035 et seq. have been met prior to
installation or modification of exterior lighting.
(2) This plan will be prepared by a certified architect, landscape architect, or lighting
designer.
(B) (1) The applicant must provide a plan that identifies the location, size, and type of
luminaire, and show how the applicant intends to comply with §§ 150.035 et seq.
(2) A photometric plan of the site and fixture data sheet must be submitted with a site plan
for office, commercial, or any type of industrial project in order to determine the effect of the
luminaire on surrounding properties.
(3) The applicant shall provide the fixture data sheet for residential lighting proposals.
(1997 Code, § 1350.03) (Am. Ord. 97-17, passed 9-16-1997) Penalty, see § 10.99
§ 150.037 PROHIBITED LIGHTING.
(A) Public roadway or street. No lights shall be placed in view of any public roadway or
street so that its beams or rays are directed at any portion of the roadway when light is of the
brilliance and so positioned as to impair the vision of the driver of any motor vehicle.
(B) Luminaires.
2
(1) Except for "full cutoff luminaries" as defined in §§ 150.035 et seq., no luminaires are
allowed which do not meet the standards outlined in §§ 150.035 et seq.
(2) See illustration below.
(CB) Lighting in all zoning districts. No direct or sky-reflected glare, whether from
floodlights or from high temperature processes such as combustion or welding, shall be directed
into any adjoining property.
(DC) Bare light bulbs. Bare light bulbs shall not be permitted in view of adjacent property or
public right-of-way.
(ED) Light cast. No light or combination of lights, which cast light on a public street, shall
exceed 1 foot-candle. Meter reading as measured from the centerline of the street, nor shall any
light or combination of lights, which cast light on an adjacent residential property, exceed 4/10
foot-candles as measured from said property line.
(E) Maximum Height. The maximum permitted height for any light pole, as measured from at
grade from the base of the pole to the top of the luminaire, shall be 15 feet in all residential
districts and 30 feet in all non-residential districts.
(F) Exceptions. The requirements of § 150.035 et seq. do not apply to the following types of
exterior lighting:
(1) Ornamental lighting. Ornamental landscape lighting fixtures, and solar operated light
fixtures having self-contained rechargeable batterieis, or any other ornamental lighting
where any single light fixture does not exceed 200 initial light output lumens;
(2) Right-of-way lighting. Public lighting located within and intended for the right-of-
way;
(3) Temporary lighting. Temporary lighting for public events (including but not limited
to public sporting events, theatrical, television or performance areas) with an approved
special event permit or held by the City;
(4) Required lighting. Lighting required by the Federal Aviation Administration or other
State and Federal Agency; and
(5) Public safety lighting. Temporary lighting for police, fire or public safety construction
and repair personnel.
(1997 Code, § 1350.04) (Am. Ord. 97-17, passed 9-16-1997) Penalty, see § 10.99
§ 150.038 MINIMUM STANDARDS.
(A) Minimum standards for lighting with a total cutoff angle of greater than 90 degrees.
(1) When a luminaire has a total cutoff of an angle greater than 90 degrees (see illustration
below), the maximum illumination and the maximum permitted luminaire height is designated
below. This standard is designed to ensure that no light is emitted above a horizontal plane
parallel to the ground. In order to achieve a total cutoff at 90 degrees, the luminaire will emit
maximum (peak) candle power at an angle not exceeding 75 degrees. This angel is formed by
the line at which maximum candlepower is emitted for the light source and a line perpendicular
to the ground from the light source.
3
(2) Illumination may exceed the stated maximums for a radius of 20 feet measured from the
center point of the light fixture, but shall not exceed those maximums beyond the exterior
property line of the site upon which the fixture is located.
(Am. Ord. 97-104, passed 3-19-2002)
Use and District Maximum Permitted Illumination at a Point 6
Feet Above the Ground (In Foot Candles)
Maximum
Permitted Height
All Residential
Districts 0.30 15 feet
All Non-Residential
Districts 1.50 20 feet
(B) Minimum standards for lighting with a total cutoff angle of less than 90 degrees.
(1) When a luminaire has a total cutoff of light at an angle less than 90 degrees and is
located so that the bare light bulb, lamp, or light source is completely shielded from the direct
view of an observer 5 feet above the ground at the point where the cutoff angle intersects the
ground, the maximum permitted illumination and the maximum permitted height is illustrated
below. This type of light fixture may be taller and provide greater illumination at the property
line than the 1 specified above, because the design of this fixture ensures that its light source will
not be directly visible off-site.
(2) Illumination may exceed the stated maximums for a radius of 20 feet measured from the
center point of the light fixture, but shall not exceed those maximums beyond the exterior
property line of the site upon which the fixture is located.
(Am. Ord. 97-104, passed 3-19-2002)
Use and District Maximum Permitted Illumination at a Point 6
Feet Above the Ground (In Foot Candles)
Maximum
Permitted Height
All Residential
Districts 1.00 15 feet
All Non-Residential
Districts 3.00 30 feet
(C) Minimum standards for lighting on agricultural lands. When a permanent outdoor
luminaire is placed on agricultural land, only Mercury lamps shall be permitted.
(D) Attachments. Attachment entitled "Good Neighbor Outdoor Lighting" is on file in the
Building Official's office, and can be found in Appendix A of this code. This is the guide to be
used for residential lighting.
(1997 Code, § 1350.05) (Am. Ord. 97-17, passed 9-16-1997) Penalty, see § 10.99
4
SECTION 2. Effective Date. This ordinance shall become effective immediately upon
adoption and publication in the official newspaper of the City of Lake Elmo.
SECTION 3. Adoption Date. This Ordinance 08-202 was adopted on this ______ day of ___
2018, by a vote of ___ Ayes and ___ Nays.
LAKE ELMO CITY COUNCIL
_________________________________
Mike Pearson, Mayor
ATTEST:
_________________________________
Julie Johnson, City Clerk
This Ordinance 08-202 was published on the ____ day of ___________________, 2018.
Resolution 2018-022 Page 1 of 2
CITY OF LAKE ELMO
COUNTY OF WASHINGTON
STATE OF MINNESOTA
RESOLUTION NO. 2018-022
RESOLUTION AUTHORIZING PUBLICATION OF ORDINANCE 08-202 BY TITLE
AND SUMMARY
WHEREAS, the City Council of the City of Lake Elmo has adopted Ordinance No. 08-202, an
ordinance replacing the administrative provisions of the City’s Zoning Code; and
WHEREAS, the ordinance is lengthy; and
WHEREAS, Minnesota Statutes, section 412.191, subd. 4, allows publication by title and
summary in the case of lengthy ordinances or those containing charts or maps; and
WHEREAS, the City Council believes that the following summary would clearly inform
the public of the intent and effect of the ordinance.
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the City Council of the City of Lake Elmo,
that the City Clerk shall cause the following summary of Ordinance No. 08-202 to be published in
the official newspaper in lieu of the entire ordinance:
Public Notice
The City Council of the City of Lake Elmo has adopted Ordinance No. 08-202, which replaces the
administrative provisions of the City’s Zoning Code. The revised ordinance includes the following
components:
• Exempts single and two family dwellings from having to provide a lighting plan to the City
prior to installation or modification of exterior lighting.
• Removes varying minimum standards for lighting with a total cutoff angle greater than 90
degrees and lighting with a total cutoff angle less than 90 degrees.
• Removes the requirement that only mercury lamps are permitted as exterior lighting on
agricultural land.
• Makes the following exceptions to exterior lighting standards: ornamental lighting, right-
of-way lighting, temporary lighting, required lighting, and public safety lighting.
The full text of Ordinance No. 08-202 is available for inspection at Lake Elmo city hall during regular
business hours.
BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED by the City Council of the City of Lake Elmo that the City
Administrator keep a copy of the ordinance at City Hall for public inspection and that a full copy of
the ordinance be placed in a public location within the City.
Dated: March 6, 2018
Resolution 2018-022 Page 2 of 2
___________________________________
Mayor Mike Pearson
ATTEST:
____________________________________
Julie Johnson, City Clerk
(SEAL)
The motion for the adoption of the foregoing resolution was duly seconded by member
_____________________ and upon vote being taken thereon, the following voted in favor thereof:
and the following voted against same:
Whereupon said resolution was declared duly passed and adopted.