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Figure l: Minneapolis Greenhouse Gas Emissions from City Operations (2006) <br />Buildings 48% <br />Solid Waste <1% <br />Streetlights and Signals 22% <br />— Water and Sewer 18% <br />vel uCles 120/ <br />Source: Minneapolis Carbon Footprint Project Report, draft 121112008. <br />become climate resilient, and urging the federal <br />government to support their efforts. Hennepin <br />County was one of the initial signatories and other <br />counties are considering participation. <br />GREENHOUSE GAS <br />INVENTORIES AND PLANS <br />Larger cities have conducted detailed greenhouse <br />gas inventories, not only of their own operations, <br />but also citywide. The goal of these inventories is <br />to identify areas on which to focus efforts, to track <br />results, and to develop a basis for a greenhouse -gas <br />action plan. The most comprehensive and widely <br />used framework for developing these plans is <br />ICLEI's Cities for Climate Protection program. <br />ICLEI has a worldwide network of participating <br />cities, and provides technical help and guidance for <br />developing action plans. Ten cities in Minnesota are <br />members of ICLFL <br />In Minnesota, Minneapolis, Saint Paul, Duluth, <br />and approximately five other cities are known to be <br />developing greenhouse emissions inventories and/or <br />action plans. The workgroup reviewed some of these <br />plans as well as several other cities nationally, and <br />offers the following observations: <br />• For cities with adequate resources, emissions <br />inventories can be an effective tool for identifying <br />and achieving consensus on the opportunities for <br />greenhouse gas reductions. <br />• A standardized greenhouse gas emissions inventory <br />and protocol for cities across the country is <br />still evolving and could reduce the cost, but <br />developing an accurate greenhouse gas inventory <br />at the local level can currently require significant <br />resources which could instead be devoted to direct <br />actions. These inventories duplicate some state <br />and federal inventory efforts. <br />• The largest opportunity for greenhouse gas <br />reduction within city government operations is <br />generally city buildings, followed by streetlights <br />and signals, water and sewer treatment, and <br />city vehicles. Figure 1 presents the City of <br />Minneapolis's greenhouse gas emissions for city <br />operations, which illustrates this point. Focusing <br />on implementation of best practices in these <br />operational areas provides direct savings and puts <br />local governments in a position to lead by example <br />and to encourage the entire community to take <br />action. <br />Minnesota Green Step Cities Program Proposal 5 <br />