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• 1 • 11126 Baltimore Boulevard, supra, 684 F. Supp. at 895; see also Tolls v. San i • Bernadino County, 827 F.2d 1329, 1333 (9th Cir. 1987) (ordinance construed to prohibit single showing of adult movie in zoned area; invalidated for failure to present evidence of secondary effects of single showing); but see Thames Enterprises v. City of St. Louis, 1 851 F.2d 199, 201-02 (8th Cir. 1988) (observations by legislator of secondary effects sufficient). On the other hand, it is not necessary for each municipality to conduct research independent of that already generated by other cities. The Renton court held that evidence of the need for zoning of sexually oriented businesses can be provided by studies from other cities "so long as whatever evidence the city relies upon is 1 reasonably believed to be relevant to the problem that the city addresses." Id. at 51, 106 S.Ct. at 931. See also SDJ. Inc. v. City of Houston, 837 F.2d 1.268, 1274 (5th Cir. 1988) (public testimony from experts, supporters and opponents and consideration of studies by Detroit, Boston, Dallas and Los Angeles sufficient evidence of legitimate purpose). The first section of this report summarizes evidence from various cities 1111 documenting the secondary effects of sexually oriented businesses. • Following Renton, it is intended that local communities will make use of this evidence in the course of assembling support for reasonable regulation of sexually oriented businesses. 2. Availability of Locations for Sexually Oriented Businesses •I Courts also evaluate-whether zoning of sexually oriented businesses is merely a pretext for prohibition by reviewing the alternative locations which remain for a sexually oriented business to operate under the zoning scheme. A municipality must "refrain from effectively denying . . . a reasonable opportunity to open and operate" a sexually oriented business. Renton, suora, 475 U.S. at 54, 106 S. Ct. at 932. Access may be regarded as unduly restricted if adult entertainment zones are unreasonably small in area or if the number of locations is unreasonably few. There is no set amount of land or number of locations constitutionally required. The Renton • -37-