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Page 7 Attachment 3 110MOV, TbTCsher Square 700 Third Street South Minneapolis, MN 55415 Phone: (612) 370-0700 Fax: (612) 370-1378 To: Murtuza Siddidui Copy: *Greg Brown/URS File: Tom Moore/A. H. 49 From: Nick L.andwer, RE, Date: March 9, 2005 Subject: Pavement Design Virtually all streets owned and maintained by the City of Arden Hills are bituminous (asphalt) roadways. Therefore, this discussion is based on the design and load characteristics of bituminous pavement. Concrete roadways have different mechanical characteristics, are constructed differently and for economical reason have a different design life. It is commonly accepted that a 20-year design life for bituminous pavement is the most economical in the state of Minnesota. In Arden Hills a 9-ton pavement design is used for residential streets to account for heavier vehicles such as delivery trucks, buses and garbage trucks. Pavement is designed considering three main factors; 1) pavement base, 2) pavement surface and 3) drainage. With these factors in mind the following information is used: • The underlying soils are tested to determine the strength and stability properties. • Traffic loading and the distribution of types of vehicles are projected over the life of the pavement. • MnDOT design standards are and have been used on all new residential and commercial road design in Arden Hills. Pavement Base This portion of pavement design considers the underlying soil for strength and stability. The gravel base thickness is determined this way using MnDOT design charts. The gravel base is the strength of the roadway and is designed to carry most of the traffic load. Pavement Surface The pavement surface is the bituminous portion of the road section and, although it does contribute to the strength of the pavement, its primary purpose is to create a watertight and smooth surface. The projected amount of traffic for a section of roadway determines the pavement thickness and the aggregate and binder oils to be used in the bituminous mixture. The binder oils used in Minnesota are typically designed to handle the extreme temperature ranges experienced here.