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GLP-4. Tort Liability and Insurance (B) (cont'd) n <br />V <br />purpose well in the past. However, courts frequently forget or ignore <br />the positive benefits secured to citizens as a result of the Act, <br />which includes liability exceptions and limitations. <br />The special vuli,eraoility of far-flung government operations to <br />debilitating tort suits continues "o require the existence of a tort <br />claims act, applicable to local governments as well as the state. <br />The League recommends: <br />I. Continuing our system of clearly defining and limiting the scope of <br />public liability through legislation; <br />2. Modifying state laws gruviding for punitive damages. Punitive <br />damages, intended to punish and deter egregious conduct, have not been <br />effective because the standards of applicability have been too vague. <br />The League does not oppose the total elimination of punitive damages, <br />but would prefer that the Legislature specify that punitive damages <br />may be awarded only when the conduct involved manifests malicious and <br />flagrant indifference to safety, and place monetary limits on such <br />aware: and <br />3. Eliminating joint and sev-r,:l liability except in limited <br />circumstances. The fault -based system of damage awards has apparently <br />eroded. In order to facilitate the return to a fault -based system, <br />joint liability should be abolished in cases where defendants have 0' <br />not acted in concert, and a modified comparative fault system should <br />be used to evaluate the actiGns of other persons involved with the <br />injury and assess damages, only in proportion to the amount of each <br />person's fault. At the very :east, the legislature should retain the <br />1986 modification to the comparative fault statute that eliminates <br />joint liability for governmental defendants when they are less than <br />35 percent at fault. <br />4. In order to protect any enacted legislation from constitutional <br />equal prc�ection cha=lenge, the legislature should establish <br />rationals defining the problem being addressed and the intent of the <br />legislature. <br />GLP-5. Mandates (B) <br />One of the most serious problems facing cities is the growth in the <br />number and cost of federal- and state -mandated programs, which <br />substitute the judgments of Congress and the state Legislature for <br />local budget priorities. Recent examples of costly mandated programs <br />include comparable worth, employee right to know, legal compliance <br />- ?4 - <br />