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<br />Table 5: Comparison of Options <br />Option 1 <br />(Blend Wells) <br />Option 2 <br />(Construct Mt. Simon-Hinckley <br />Wells) <br />Option 3 and 4 <br />(Purchase Water from <br />Minneapolis or St. Paul) <br />Option 5 <br />(Implement Treatment) <br />Advantages Disadvantages Advantages Disadvantages Advantages Disadvantages Advantages Disadvantages <br />Low capital and <br />O&M costs <br />Does not provide <br />permanent solution <br />to meet MDH and <br />EPA considerations <br />No TCE in <br />source water <br />Radium must be <br />removed from <br />source water <br />No TCE <br />Vulnerable to <br />emerging <br />contaminants <br />Removes Dioxane <br />from environment <br />completely <br />More operator <br />training required <br />for operations <br />staff <br />Can be done <br />immediately <br />Short term solution <br />only <br />No Dioxane <br />in source <br />water <br />Sand filters become <br />radioactive. <br />Disposal of <br />radioactive material <br />is expensive. <br />Exposure to staff <br />will require changes <br />to plant <br />No Dioxane Seasonal changes <br />in water quality <br />City maintains <br />control of its water <br />quality and rates <br />Increased annual <br />operating costs <br />Addition of VFDs <br />could provide <br />better blending <br />Increased <br />manganese <br />concentrations <br /> DNR likely would <br />not allow <br />Softened <br />water <br />Vulnerable to <br />hazardous spills <br />Cleaning up the <br />aquifer of Dioxane <br />would reduce <br />liability and risk of <br />other downstream <br />users <br />The City would <br />be reliant on a <br />single equipment <br />vendor <br /> <br />Pumps need to be <br />throttled or VFDs <br />installed <br /> <br />Potential <br />groundwater well <br />interference <br />Could serve <br />as a back-up <br />source <br />Age of system <br />Will remove other <br />TCE, other VOCs, <br />and other emerging <br />contaminants <br />The City would <br />be reliant on a <br />single <br />groundwater <br />source <br /> <br />Does not remove <br />Dioxane from <br />environment <br /> Higher pumping <br />costs <br />Does not <br />rely on <br />groundwater <br />aquifers <br />Loss of control of <br />water quality and <br />rates <br /> <br /> Well No. 3 is multi- <br />aquifer well <br />Does not remove <br />Dioxane from <br />environment <br /> Minimal system <br />redundancy <br /> <br />Reliant on operation <br />of all three wells for <br />blending to occur <br /> <br />Does not remove <br />Dioxane from <br />Environment <br /> <br /> <br />1,4-DIOXANE PROJECT <br />FEASIBILITY REPORT <br />CITY OF ST. ANTHONY VILLAGE <br />WSB PROJECT NO. 3183-00 PAGE 20