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2. Reasons for,Physical Activity <br /> Why the Recent Focus on Walking in Research <br /> and Interventions? <br /> • Walking is an activity that is inexpensive,does not <br /> require special equipment,and almost everyone <br /> does it already every day <br /> • Many more people walk than bike.According to the <br /> U.S.Census,only 0 4 percent of the population in <br /> the U.S.commuted to work by bike.In contrast 2.9 <br /> percent walked to work as the main means of <br /> transportation <br /> • Almost everyone walks at some time,if only <br /> between their parking space and destination <br /> 2. Reasons for Physical Activity <br /> Why People Walk—Three Perspectives <br /> • Transportation <br /> • Urban design(physical planning,architecture, <br /> landscape architecture) <br /> • Physical activity research <br /> �I <br /> 2. Reasons for Physical Activity <br /> Transportation <br /> Assumes demand for travel can be derived from demand to <br /> move between destinations <br /> People maximize personal utility,where utility varies by <br /> personal history and tastes;tows is on minimizing time and <br /> money costs <br /> Costs beyond time and money(such as physical discomfort, <br /> family responsibilities)not well integrated MuW=3) <br /> Benefits of travel(e.g exercise,time out)also not well <br /> accounted for <br /> Various camps,particularly the car group vs.the transit <br /> group—all mechanized,economics-0nented <br /> —..bu,..m.m <br /> 3 <br />