HomeMy WebLinkAboutRES 88-014 RESOLUTION APPROVING THE CONFINED SPACE ENTRY POLICY FOR THE CITY OF ST. ANTHONY Meeting Sheet
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Folder. RES 1988
Document: RES 88-014 RESOLUTION APPROVING THE CONFINED
SPACE ENTRY POLICY FOR THE CIN OF ST. ANTHONY
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RESOLUTION 88-014
A RESOLUTION APPROVING THE CONFINED SPACE
ENTRY POLICY FOR THE CITY OF ST. ANTHONY
WHEREAS, the general policy of the City of St. Anthony is to
avoid and minimize the necessity of having an employee enter
a confined space; and
WHEREAS, the City Council desires to establish guidelines for
City employees who, when absolutely necessary, must work in a
confined space.
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED, that the City Council of the
City of St. Anthony hereby approves the Confined Space Entry
Policy attached herewith.
Adopted this Ja& day of Aor'� I 1988
Ma or
ATTEST: �.
City Clerk
Reviewed for administration:
Ci y Manager
r
' i C 2 TY O F S T - ANTHONY
C ONF 2 NED S PAC E ENTRY P O L= CY
I. PURPOSE
The purpose of the confined space entry policy is. to establish guidelines for
city employees Working in confined spaces. It is the general policy of the
City of Si.. Anthony:.- - ` to avoid and minimize the necessity of having an
employee enter a confined space. Only When absolutely necessary should the
employee enter a confined space, and then only, in compliance With this
policy. All employees are responsible to follow this policy and supervisory
e=ployees shall be responsible for making employees familiar with and ensuring
comp' iance with this policy.
II. DEFINITION
Confined Space - A confined space is any area which by Aesign has limited
openings for entry and exit and unfavorable natural ventilation. The space
could contain or produce an atmosphere hazardous to life and is not normally
occupied by people.
Work - Includes repair or maintenance procedures requiring entrance a.-.d
occupation of a confined space. As a result of work procedures, the confined
space environment may be subject to atmospheric deterioration.
Inspection - Entry and occupation of a confined space for the exclusive
purpose of observing the condition/operability of the equipment or facility.
III. TYPES OF HAZARDS (See Exhibit I)
A. Oxygen (C2)
1 . Oxygen content too low (will not support life).
2. Oxygen content too high (Will increase the potential for a fire when
combustible substances are in the area) .
B. Toxic Gasses
1 . Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has a distinctive odor of rotten eggs and is
extremely dangerous as it is toxic and also explosive in high
concentrations. H2S is approximately 1 .2 tines heavier than air.
2. Chlorine (C12) is extremely irritating-to mucous membranes of eyes
and respiratory tract. C12 is about 2.5 times heavier than air.
• 3. Sulfur dioxide (S02) is non-explosive but highly toxic and has a
pungent suffocating odor. S02 is approximately 1.5 times heavier
than air.
POLICY & PROCEDURE FOR CONFINED SPACE ENTRY
PAGE TWO
4. Carbon dioxide (CO2) will not support life at high concentrations
over a long exposure. CO2 is approximately 1 .5 times heavier than
air.
5. Carbon monoxide (CO) is very toxic and is odorless. CO is .97 times
as heavy as air.
C. Explosive Gasses
1 . Hydrocarbons - lighter hydrocarbons (methane is approximately .55
times as heavy as air) are explosive at lower concentrations than
heavier hydrocarbons (fuel oil) . Heavy hydrocarbons can be broken
down to light hydrocarbons by chemical and biological processes
(gasoline is approximately 3 to 4 times heavier than air) .
2. Hydrogen sulfide - H2S is explosive at high concentrations.
• IV. CONFINED SPACE CLASSIF!CATIONS
Precautions in a confined space shall be taken in accordance with the
following classification system:
1 . Class III - Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health (IDLH) , presents a
situation that is immediately dangerous to life and health, including but
not limited to the presence of oxygen deficiency, explosive or flammable
atmosphere, and/or concentrations of toxic substances.
Parameters include:
Oxygen content - less than 16% or greater than 25%;
Combustible gas content - 20% or greater of lower explosive limit
(LEL);
Toxicity - Immediately dangerous to life and health concentration of
toxic or combustible substances. -
2. Class II - May be dangerous, but is not immediately life threatening;
presents a potential for causing injury and illness if preventive measures
are not used.
Parameters include:
Oxygen content: 16.1% - 19.4% or 21 .5% - 25%;
Combustible gas content: 10% - 19% of lower explosive limit (LEL);
Toxicity - less than IDLH, but greater than the contamination level
references in 29 CFR Part 1910, subpart Z (O.S.H.A. General Industry
Standards).
POLICY 6 PROCEDURE FOR CONFINED SPACE ENTRY
PAGE THREE
3. Class I - The potential hazards require no modification of work
procedures. Utilize standard rescue procedures, direct communication with
workers from outside the confined space.
Parameters include:
Oxygen content: 19.5% - 21 .4%
Combustible gas content: 10% or less of LEL;
Toxicity = less than contamination level referenced in subpart Z of
O.S.H.A. Standards for General Industry.
V. GENERAL E'17RY A11D WORT, PROCEDURES
The following criteria shall be followed for all entry into confined spaces:
• 1 . Initial atmospheric testing for 02, toxic gasses and combustible gasses
shall be conducted with a properly calibrated and charged instrument.
Continuously monitor all classes of entry (Class III, II or I) . The
results of the testing shall be used as a basis for completing the
remainder of the confined space assessment.
2. Posted near the entry of the confined space, within immediate work area,
or carried on the equipment truck is a checklist (see Exhibit A attached) ,
identifying the precautionary steps, safety equipment, etc. , needed in
entering the space. The employee is responsible for familiarizing himself
with and utilizing the required procedures. The employee is equally
responsible to refrain from entering the space unless he is familiar with
the appropriate procedures and for notifying his supervisor in such
instances.
3. Tagout, isolation and lockout procedures will be followed for areas
involving electrical or mechanical equipment.
4. Only properly trained ,and authorized personnel shall be permitted to
participate in confined space entry.
5. Mechanical ventilation shall be continuous for a Class III and II entries
and mechanical or natural ventilation continuous for Class I entries.
6. The following specific procedures will be followed for the three
• classifications of confined spaces, and for other potential confined entry
areas:
•
POLICY i PROCEDURE FOR CONFINED SPACE ENTRY
PAGE FOUR
Class III - Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health.
a. Test atmosphere at least five minutes for 02, combustion and toxic
gasses.
b. Ventilation shall be initiated prior to entry into the space and shall
be continuous during the entry and work. If a Class III atmosphere
cannot be made into Class II atmosphere, entry is prohibited. The
only exception to this is emergency rescue and chlorine emergency
control procedures.
c. The atmosphere shall be continuously monitored during occupancy of the
corfned space.
d. Entry and rescue require life support equipment, including an SCBA,
• lifeline and harness is required for all personnel involved wi:.h
working at the site. Lifelines will be tied off safely outside the
space.-
e. At least one person shall act as watch person outside the space with
an additional person if necessary to relay messages, get equipment or
operate equipment in the .area to facilitate work being done in the
confined space. A man-rated hoist shall be erected for rescue
purposes. Where the hoist or tripod cannot be used, two persons shall
stand by at all times.
f. Hot work is prohibited if the flammability level is or greater of
the LEL.
Class III - Dangerous, but not immediately life threatening.
a. Test atmosphere at least two minutes for safe condition. If test
indicates Class III, Class III procedures must be followed.
b. Artificial ventilation shall be initiated prior to entry into the
space and shall be continuous during entry and work.
c. Continuous atmospheric monitoring shall be provided prior to, during
entry and while at work.
d. Rescue equipment will be available on the site, and a• standby person will be stationed to tend lines. Two standby persons are required
where the conditions of the site preclude use of the tripod lift
device.
• POLICY 6 PROCEDURE FOR CONFINED SPACE ENTRY
PAGE FIVE
e. If the atmosphere of the space is monitored and found to be Class III,
and subsequently rendered Class II. the employee shall wear the SCBA.
In all other Class II spaces, the employee will be required to wear.-
the safety harness with lifeline. Nothing in this paragraph prevents
an employee from utilizing both types of safety equipment.
f. Hot work is prohibited if the flammability level is 5% of LEL or
greater.
Class I - Potential hazards requiring no modifications of work procedures.
a. Test atmosphere are least one minute for safe condition, if Class III
or II, use corresponding procedures.
b. Sufficient ventilation will be maintained to provide a favorable
atmosphere either by natural or mechanical means.
c. Continuous atmospheric monitoring while in the space.
d. Safety harness and lifelines may need to be worn to facilitate rescue
in an emergency. A standby person is usually not necessary for Class
I entry.
7. Other Procedures
a. The pe-son(s) assisting shall know the location of telephones, two-way
radios 'and have emergency phone numbers posted), first aid equipment,
self contained breathing apparatus.
b. No more than two persons shall enter a Class III or II confined space
at one time.
c. It is desirable that at least one of the persons standing by outside
the space will be trained in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) and
basic first aid.
d. If required, forced ventilation will be provided by blower or air
powered; eductor to the confined space as prescribed in the procedures.
8. General Rules
a. If confined space access is on a roadway, involved employees are
responsible for: 1) chalking tires; 2) activating warning lights and;
• 3) erecting three flag warning signs at least sixty feet in front of
and behind of the work site or take other necessary steps to comply
with the County traffic manual.
•
POLICY & PROCEDURE FOR CONFINED SPACE ENTRY
PAGE SIX
b. All tools must be in good working order.
e. Use only grounded or double insulated electrical tools and equipment
with ground fault circuit interruptor protection.
d. Only explosion proof equipment shall be used unless atmosphere is
continuously monitored.
e. Ladders must be firmly secured.
f. Ladders must never be removed while a worker is in the confined space.
g. All persons in a confined space shall evacuate immediately if the
warning alarm on any instrument is activated.
h. No smoking is permitted inside or within the area of a confined space
entrance.
i. If necessary, lighting shall be provided to adequately illuminate the
area.
9. Emergencies - If an emergency situation arises, the observer is not to
enter the confined space except as provided blow. IN all cases the
observer must:
a. Request police, fire and other maintenance crew assistance immediately
over the intercom, telephone or radio system.
b. Return to the confined space and continue ventilation until assistance
arrives.
c. Unless he/she has all proper, protective equipment and an observer is
present, do not enter the space.
d. Attempt rescue using lifelines only from outside the confined space
(until properly equipped help arrives).
10. If the work practice involved in the confined space has the potential to
increase existing hazards or generate additional hazards, it will be
necessary to frequently evaluate the apace to determine if a
classification change is warranted.
s
POLICY & PROCEDURE FOR CONFINED SPACE ENTRY
PIGE SEVEN
a. Hot work may require local exhaust ventilation to remove smoke and •
fumes (this would be in addition to the general forced ventilation).
b. Cleaning rust from a tank or agitating sludge may cause release of
toxic or flammable fumes.
11 . Training. Employees are expected to become and remain familiar with the
terms of this policy. To assist employees in becoming familiar with the
policy, the City will do the following:
a. Provide copies of the "Confined Space Entry Checklist" to Public Works
employees for *posting in City vehicles and adjacent to each confined
space.
b. A copy of the policy will be given to each employee and will be
• reviewed, item-by-item, by the supervisor.
c. An audio-visual presentation will be given to employees regarding
confined space entry.
d. Periodically, the supervisor will conduct work site inspections to
assist employees in staying familiar with the policy.
CONFINED SPACE ENTRY PERMIT
DATE: DEPT. : TIME BEGIN:
(8 HRS. MAX.)
AREA/STRUCTURE ENTERING: TIME END:
LOCATION: DESCRIPTION OF WORK:
OUTSIDE CONTRACTORS:
REQUIRED COMPLETED
- YES NO YES NO
1. AREA/STRUCTURE DRAINED AND/OR PUMPED
2. SPACE VENTILATED
3. ALL DRAIN MECHANISMS (BREAKERS) OFF, TAGGED,
AND TRIED (LOCKED IF EXCEEDS 8 HRS.)
VALVES OFF OR OTHER DRIVE MECHANISMS SECURED
4. PROTECTIVE EQUIP14ENT
• A. HARNESS AND LIFELINE ON PERSON ENTERING
B. LIFELINE SECURED OUTSIDE OF AREA/STRUCTURE
C. WORKER WEARING MONITOR
D. HARD HAT FOR HEAD PROTECTION
E. EYE AND FACE PROTECTION
F. HAND PROTECTION
G. HEARING PROTECTION
H. FOOT PROTECTION
I. RESPIRATORY PROTECTION
5. COMMUNICATIONS UNDERSTOOD WITH STAND-BY PERSON
6. NEAREST TELEPHONE AND/OR TWO-WAY RADIO NOTED
7. ATMOSPHERIC TESTS - INITIAL TESTS ON THE AIR 140NITOR:
A. OXYGEN READING: TOXIC GAS READING:
TWA READING: EXPLOSIVE GAS READING:
TI14E (0.00/HR.): LEL READING (-3 TO 3):
B. INITIAL TESTS IN CONFINED SPACE:
AUDIO AND/OR VISUAL ALARM YES NO
• IF YES, EXPLAIN WHAT ACTION TAKEN:
8. COPY OF CONFINED SPACE ENTRY POLICY ON JOB SITE YES NO
ATE HAVE RECEIVED INSTRUCTIONS ON SAFETY PROCEDURES AND HAZARDS OF THIS JOB. THIS
PERMIT HAS BEEN READ AND ALL CHECKLISTS COMPLETED. THIS PERMIT IS COMPLETE.
PERSON(S) ENTERING:
STAND-BY PERSON: PERMIT AUTHORIZED BY:
(IF ABOVE IS THE SA14E PERSON, SIGN BOTH SPACES PROVIDED)
THIS PERMIT IS TO BE POSTED ON THE JOB SITE
• SUPERVISOR REVIEW PERMIT AND SIGN:
PERMIT ON FILE FOR: 30 DAYS 1 YEAR
PERMIT FILE LOCATION:
•
t;A* 1'I(U1'IA0,IL:; EFFECT • 1'ItI1: (i6 AY VUI.. 1N AlIl) LOCATION:
WE I(:I1'PE
AVI:ItACE; Ll)WER UPPER
H IIRS. LIMIT LIMIT
Hydrogen Sulfide NTS Rotten egg odor In ImpaIrti senate of • Coal gas, petroleum set.
Specific Gravity small coucentrat.lons. SlUell rapidly as run- gas, sludge gas. Local
or Odor not evidernt at centration increases. Il) ppm 4.3 46.0 near bottom, may be ab(
Vapor Density high concentratiomi Acute poisoning bottom if air is heate4
(Air-1) 1. 19 colorless, flammable. paralyzes respiratory and highly humid.
winter.
Methane CH Colorless Simple asphyxiation Natural
4 gee, sludge gay
Specific Gravity Odorless Acts mechanically to swamps, marsh. At top
or Tasteless deprice tissues of 02 -- 5.0 15.0 increasing to certain
Vapor Density Flammable
Air-1 0.55
Nitrogen N2 Colorless, tasteless, Sewer gas, sludge gas
Specific Gravity non-flammable. Physiologically Near top, but may be
or Principal constituent Inert -- -- -- found near bottom.
Vapor Density of air.
Air-1 0.97
Oxygen02 Colorless, odorless, Below 19.5% is con- Oxygen depletion from i
(in air) tasteless, supports sidered Immediately ventilation and absorp:
Specific Gravity combustion dangerous to life -- -- -- of chemical consumptio,
or and health. oxygen.
Vapor Density 1. 11
Sludge Gas May be practically Digestion of sludge ne.
Specific Gravity odorless, colorless, Will not support life -- 5.3 19.3 top of structure.
or flammable
Vapor Density
Variable
Sulfur Dioxide SO2 Nun-flammable dues Industrial process ust
- Specific Gravity not support combustion. Irritates respiratory sulfur compounds, pape
or Colorless, strong tract membranes. 2 ppm -- -- .productsLocated at
Vapor Density penetrating odor. bottom s. structures.
(Air-1) 2.26
1
0 .1,11V EXPLOSIVE RANGE •
COM.HON PITY Si(�1.MICAL T[MF. (7. BY VOL. 1N AIR) SOURCES
GAS PROPIatT IES E. I'ux*r WG LCI TE'D ► LOCATION:
LOWERUPI ER
AVERAC i LIMIT LIMIT
11 HRS.
Arbon Dioxide CO Colorless, odorless, Wien breathed in gas slugucts of combustion
b product
pecific Gravity 2 non-f lammahle, nut large (luallt I t ies may -- gas onsceaous. Y
or general I pre sent in cause acid taste. 5,000 ppm -- at the
strata. i
apor Density dangerous'amounts Acts on respiratory at the bottom, when he:
will strati[y above bui
Air-l) 1.53 u►►less all .02 n� rveti.
deficiency exists.
arbon Monoxide CO Colorless, odorless, Chemical asphyxiation Manufactured gas* flue
pecific Gravity tasteless, flammable, Co combines with products of combustion
or polsot►ous hemoglobin 50 ppm 12.5. 74.0 motor exhaust. flue log
apor Density near top.
Air1) 0.97
hlorine C12 Yellow green color, Irrigates respiratory Chlorine cylinder and
non-flammable, tract feedline leaks. Locat
pecific Gravity choking odor, l ppm -- -- at the bottom.
or detectable in very
'apor Density low concentrations.
Air-1) 2.49
:asline (C1H12 to Colorless. odor Anesthetic effects Service stations, gars
o
;1H10) Flammable when inhales. storage tanks. houses.
300 ppm 1 .4 7.6 Located at the bottom.
;pecific Gravity or
lapor Density
(Air-1) 3.0 to 4.0
lydrogen Hd
Z Colorless, odorless,- Simple asphyxiation. Manufactured gas. slu
tasteless, flammable Act: mechanically to digestion tank gas.
;pecific Gravity or deprive tissues of 02 -- 4.0 74.0 electrolysis of water.
vapor Density Located at the top.
(Air-1) 0.07
CITY OF ST. ANTHONY
CONFINED SPACE ENTRY CHECKLIST
Listed below are examples of the types of confined spaces City employees are exposed to
classified by the type of hazard they represent. Hazard classification definitions are
shown on the attached policy. To use the checklist, read down from the confined space
listing to determine which safety procedures are applicable. If the type of confined
space to be entered is not listed below, consult supervisor before entering.
ITEM CLASS I CLASS II CLASS III
1+
+J 3
4+ W
rl W •rl VI
U 0 H.a
•r, a to
„ 4J >4vn 4J r-4 o
44 u x ,10 A • P0Cn --
o .a 3 14 U 00) c Cn w 0
I I 3 W W O +J
r+
H14 3ti 1 r-4C: En o C 0 3 C £
rl O t0 c0 -4 O •O •ri O
W •ri H $4 H F aJ H W •r+ lr • H •rl W -W
aJ W W W rq W 3 aJ E W N W +J 7 ri
C0 0 3 4J 4J G 3 aJ N O H N N 0 3 N r-i �
H a l m 0 0W C0 W W aJ aJ O 0 W a W +j M ro
Arn X H 3ti cnIn 3 E (n :X M; .] HEnCn > :>,
1. Atmospheric Testing X X X X X X X X X X
2. Continuous Monitoring X X X X X X X X X X
3. Trained Personnel X X X X X X X X X X
• 4. Preparation:
Purge & Ventilate X X X X X X X
Isolate/Lockout/Tag X X X X
5. Procedures:
Initial Plan X X X X X X X X X X
Standby X X X X X X X
Communications/
Observatior X X X X X X X
Rescue X
6. Safety Equipment &
Clothing
Head/Hearing.Protection X X X X X X X X X
Hand Protection/ X X
'Worker Wearing Monitor
Foot Protection X
Body Protection X
• Respiratory Protection X X X X X X X
Eye and Face X X X X X X X
Life Lines, Harness X X X X X X X
7. Rescue Equipment X
8. Entry Log X X X X X X X X X X
• I. RECOIg4NDATIONS FOR A STANDARD FOR
WORKING IN CONFINED SPACES
NIOSH recommends the procedures set forth in the following sections as a
means of protecting the health, and significantly reducing accidental injury
and death associated with entering, working in, and exiting from confined
spaces. The standard is designed not only to make the confined space safe for
the worker, but also to make the worker cognizant of the hazards associated
with this work area and the safe work practices necessary to deal with these
hazards. The criteria and standard will be reviewed and revised as necessary. ,
Section 1 - Definitions - For Purposes of this Document
Atmosphere Refers to the gases, vapors, mists , fumes ,
and dusts within a confined space.
Ceiling Level The maximum airborne concentration of a
toxic agent to which an employee may be
exposed for a specified period of time.
Combustible Dust A dust capable of undergoing combustion o:
of burning when subjected to a source of
• ignition.
Confined Space Refers to a space which by design has
limited openings . for entry and exit;
unfavorable natural ventilation which could
contain or produce dangerous air
contaminants, and which is not intended for
continuous employee. occupancy. Confined
spaces include but are not limited to
storage tanks, compartments of ships ,
process vessels, pits, silos, vats ,
degreasers, reaction vessels, boilers,
ventilation and exhaust ducts, sewers,
tunnels, underground utility vaults, and
pipelines.
Confined Space, Class I A confined space in which the potential
hazard would not require any special modi-
fication of the work procedure.
Confined Space, Class II A confined space that has the potential for
causing injury and illness, if preventive
measures are not used, but not immediately
dangerous to life and health.
Confined Space, Class III A confined space that presents a situation
• that is immediately dangerous to life or
health (IDLH). These include but are not
limited to oxygen deficiency, explosire or
flammable atmospheres, and/or concentrations
of toxic substances.
Any work involving burning, welding,
• Aot Work riveting, or similar fire producing
operations, as well as work which produces a
source of ignition, such as drilling,
abrasive blasting, and space heating.
Displacement of the atmosphere by a non
-
Inerting reactive gas (such as nitrogen) to such an
extent that the resulting atmosphere is
noncombustible.
Isolation A process whereby the confined space is '
removed from service and completely
protected against the inadvertent release of
material by the following: blanking off
(skillet type metal blank between flanges) ,
misaligning sections of all lines and pipes,
a double block and bleed system, electrical
lockout of all sources of power,
and
blocking or disconnecting all mechanical
linkages.
Lower Flaamable Limit (LF'i.) The minimum concentration of a combustible
gas or vapor in air (usually expressed
dwiin
percent by volume at sea level) ,
which ll
ignite if an ignition source (sufficient
ignition energy) is present.
oxygen Deficiency Refers to an atmosphere with a partial
pressure of oxygen (PO2) less than 132 mm
R8. Normal air at sea level contains
approximately 21% oxygen at a P02 of 160 mm
Ag. At an altitude
802feet
normal
air
of
contains approximately 21%
132 mm Hg.
Any oxygen concentration greater than 25%
oxygen Enriched Atmosphere (PO2 - 190 mm Hg) at normal atmospheric
pressure.
The maximum 8-hour time weighted average of
Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) any airborne contaminant to which an
employee may be exposed. At no time shall
the exposure level exceed the ceiling
concentration for that contaminant as listed
in 29 CFR Part 1910 Sub Part Z.
The method -by which gases, vapors, or other
Purging airborne impurities are displaced from a
confined space
.
A person designated by the employer, in
Qualified Yerson education and/or
writing, as capable (by
specialised training) of anticipating,
r =ing, and evaluating employee
exposure to hazardous substances or other
unsafe conditions in a confined space. This
person shall be capable of specifying
necessary control and/or protective action
to insure worker safety.
Respirator (Approved) A. device which has met the requirements of
30 CFR Part 11 and is designed to protect
the wearer from inhalation of harmful
atmospheres and has been approved by the
Bureau of Mines and the National Institute
for Occupational Safety and Health, and Mine
Safety and Health Administration (formerly,
Mining Enforcement and Safety
Administration) .
Standby Person A person trained in emergency rescue
procedures and assigned to remain on the
outside of the confined space and to be in
communication with those working inside.
Section 2 - Entry and Rescue
The Confined Space Classification Table on page 4 is based on existing or
i potential hazards relative to the confined space. The classification is based
upon the characteristics of the confined space, oxygen level, flammability and
toxicity. If any of the hazards present a situation which is immediately
dangerous to life or health (IDLH) , the confined space shall be designated
Class A. The classification shall be determined by the most hazardous
condition of entering, working in, and exiting a confined space. Class B
confined space has the potenti.al for causing injury and illness but is not
immediately dangerous to life and health. A Class C entry would be one in
which the hazard potential would not require any special modification of the
work procedure.
The Check List of Consideration on page 5 delineates the minimum
preparation required for each class of confined space entry. In the
recommended standard where specific procedures, activities or requirements are
correlated with a classification: the procedure, activity or requirement is
mandatory. As an example, Section 3 - Permit System (Class A, B and C) means
that a permit is mandatory for Class A, B, and C confined space entry.
•
CONFINED SPACE CLASSIFICATION TABLE
Parameters Class I Class II Class III
Characteristics potential hazard-requires dangerous, but not immediately immediately dangerous to life-
no modification of work life .threatening-rescue pro- rescue procedures require the
procedures-standard rescue cedures require the entry--of . entry of more than one individual
procedures-direct communi- no more than one individual fully equipped with life support
cation with workers, from fully equipped with life sup- -`.,equipment-maintenance of__com-
outside the confined space. port :equipment-Yndirect visual'-' munication req_uires. an additional
o:r,._audito'ry ;comnmun c'atiori .with standby person stationed within
workers. the confined space.
Oxygen 19.57 - 21.47 - 16.17 to 19.49 167 or less
*(148. -_,163. mm-Hg) *(122 - 147 mm Hg) *022 mm Hg) or
or 21.57 to 259 greater than 259
(163 - 190 mm Hg) *090 mm Hg)
Flammability 109 LFL or less 109 - 199 LFL 207 or greater -of LFL
Characteristics
Toxicity less than contamination greater than contamination **IDLH
level referenced in 29 CFR level, referenced in 29 CFR
Part 1910 Sub Part Z Part 1910 Sub Part Z - less
than **IDLH
*Based upon a total atmospheric pressure of 760 mm Hg (sea level)
**Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health - as referenced in NIOSH Registry of Toxic
and Chemical Substances, Manufacturing Chemists data sheets, industrial hygiene
guides or other recognized authorities.
• CHECKLIST OF CONSIDERATIONS FOR ENTRY,
WORKING IN AND EXITING CONFINED SPACES
ITEM CLASS I CLASS II CLASS III
1. Permit X X X
2. Atmospheric Testing X X X
3. Monitoring 0 0 X
4. Medical Surveillance 0 X X
5. Training of Personnel X X X
6. Labeling and Posting X X X
7. Preparation
Isolate/Lockout/Tag 0 X X
Purge and ventilate 0 X X
Cleaning Processes 0 0 0
• Requirements for special 0 X X
equipment/tools
8. Procedures
Initial plan X X X
Standby 0 X X
Communications/observation X X X
Rescue X X X
Work X X X
9...Safety Equipment and Clothing
Head protection 0 0 0
Hearing protection 0 0 0
Hand protection 0 0 0
Foot protection 0 * 0 0
Body protection 0 0 0
Respiratory protection 0 0
Safety belts X X X
Life lines, harness 0 X
10. Rescue Equipment X X X
11. Recordkeepng/Exposure X X
X - indicates requirement
0 - indicates determination by the qualified person