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City of Lino Lakes SWMP | February 8, 2013 Draft | 87 8.0 Glossary & Acronyms 8.1. Glossary Adaptive management An iterative process of evaluating progress toward stated goals and revising and refining implementation actions to ensure that progress is being made toward the goal. Bacteria Microorganisms that can live in a variety of conditions, some types can cause illness in humans. The quantity of E. coli, a specific type of bacteria, is used as a metric to evaluate potential fecal contamination in s urface water resources. Best Management Practices (BMPs) Methods used to control the speed and total amount of stormwater that flows off a site after a rainstorm and used to improve the quality of the runoff water. Can also refer to practices for control of sediment and erosion. Climate change A long -term change in climate measures such as temperature and rainfall. Changes in climate have a large impact on water quality as well as lake and wetland water levels and stream and river flows. Eutrophication The process of increased water body productivity (growth of algae and aquatic vegetation) caused by increasing nutrient input to the water body. Floodplain The land adjacent to a water body that is expected to be inundated with water after a large rainfal l event. Green infrastructure A stormwater management approach that utilizes natural landscape features and hydrologic processes to treat stormwater by infiltration, e vapotranspiration, and/or reuse of runoff. Green infrastructure also achieves other envi ronmental goals such as carbon sequestration, reductions in urban heat island effect, improved air quality, improved wildlife habitat and increased opportunities for o utdoor recreation. (Definition a dapted from US EPA ) Groundwater Water located below grou nd in the spaces present in soil and bedrock. Groundwater recharge Water moving through the soil surface and deeper underground to become groundwater. Hydrology The movement of water. Often used in reference to water movement as runoff over the soil afte r a rainfall event as it contributes to surface water bodies. Illicit discharges Any contribution to the storm sewer system that isn't stormwater (i.e. illegal connections to the storm sewer, dumping of materials in the storm sewer). Impervious surfaces Surfaces that severely restrict the movement of water through the surface of the earth and into the soil below. Impervious surface typically refers to manmade surfaces such as non -porous asphalt or concrete roadways, buildings, and heavily compacted soils. Infiltration The movement of water into the soil. Mercury A metal that cycles between land, air and water. The primary source of mercury in water bodies is air pollution. Mercury accumulates in fish and often results in fish consumption advisories for lakes and rivers. Mercury can have toxic effects on the nervous system of animals, including humans, that eat large quantities of fish.