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6 <br /> <br />Staffing Models <br /> <br />The Per Capita A pproach <br />The per capita approach to patrol staffing takes the population of a given city and <br />determines the optimum number of patrol officers needed. The optimum number is <br />obtained by comparing staffing levels to the sta ffing levels of other cities with a similar <br />population and demographic (Performance Based Approach to Police Staffing and <br />Allocation , 2006 ). Because the per capita approach does not consider several factors that <br />could affect staffing (geography, policing p hilosophy and call load), it is generally <br />considered the least reliable staffing model. In 2011, the Federal Bureau of Investigation <br />reported that the number of full -time officers in the mid -west region was 2.2 officers per <br />1,000 residents. In department s that serviced a population of 10,000 to 24,999, such as <br />Lino Lakes, the officer to 1,000 resident ratio was 1.9 officers. Using the per capita <br />staffing approach, the Lino Lakes Police Department should be staffed at 38 full -time <br />patrol officers. <br /> <br />Minimu m Staffing Approach <br />The minimum staffing approach requires government leaders to determine the number of <br />officers required to meet the minimum needs of population at any given time. There are <br />no objective standards for setting the minimum staffing levels. In some areas, minimum <br />staffing levels are set by ordinance or labor contract (Performance Based Approach to <br />Police Staffing and Allocation , 2006 ). Several factors were considered when setting the <br />minimum for the LLPD including geography, call load, resp onse and travel time, <br />customer expectations and officer safety. In 2013 , the minimum staffing level changed <br />from three officers to two officers. Our current budget does not support a guarantee of <br />three officers on a shift. To ensure proper staffing lev els at peak call times and in an <br />effort to minimize over -time, th e Lino Lakes Police Department moved from a three <br />officer minimum on 12 hour shifts to a two officer minimum on 9.5 hour shifts. T he <br />move to 9.5 hour shifts double d our staffing during peak call times and allow for more <br />flexibility when back -filling for emergencies. The change also dramatically reduced the <br />need for over time. <br /> <br />Two officers on duty at all times on a 9.5 schedule require 57 scheduled hours per day <br />(9.5 x 3 x 2=57) or 20805 ho urs per year. If you factor in the officer availability rate of <br />75 %, it requires 13.3 sworn officers assigned to patrol . The approach does not factor in <br />time spent in prevention activities , any supervision, or problem solving activities . To <br />keep with IAC P standards, the LLPD would need to have 20 sworn staff members <br />assigned to patrol. <br /> <br />Workload Approach <br />The workload based approach takes into account actual workload, department <br />philosophy, minimum performance standards, and other variables that impact s ervice <br />delivery. The workload approach is generally considered the most accurate as it requires <br />careful analysis and consideration of community norms and expectations (Fritsch, <br />Leiderbach, and Taylor, 2009). In addition to the call for service data, the department <br />takes policing philosophy, performance standards, geography, and administrative time <br />into account.