02/27/2008 Env Bd Packet - Laserfiche WebLink

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• (Scirpus fluviatilis), softstem bulrush ( Scirpus validus), Scirpus americanus, and Scirpus heterochaetus. Common reed grass ( Phragmites australis), spike rushes (Eleocharis spp.), and (in some river backwaters) prairie cordgrass (Spartina pectinata) are less common dominants. In general, Mixed Emergent Marsh tends to occur on harder pond, lake, or river bottoms than Cattail Marsh and is less likely to contain the forbs that grow on the floating peat mats present in many cattail marshes. Broad - leaved arrowhead (Sagittaria latifolia) and aquatic macrophytes are the most common non - graminoid associates. Many Mixed Emergent Marsh species are sensitive to fertilizer run-off and other artificial disturbances, and disturbed Mixed Emergent Marshes (especially in the Prairie Zone) tend to convert to Cattail Marshes or become strongly dominated by reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea) or common reed grass (Phragmites australis), species that increase in abundance with disturbance. Mixed Emergent Marsh is a broad community type, encompassing all marshes dominated by species other than cattails. Therefore, sub - typing or recognition of new marsh types is likely following more thorough inventories of these marshes. New divisions most likely will be made according to dominant species or basin types (e.g., lacustrine versus riverine), or both. There are two geographic sections, a Forest Section and a Prairie Section. The dominant species in the Prairie Section tend to have a Great Plains distribution while those in the Forest Section tend to have a Great Lakes distribution. A comprehensive plant species list for Foxborough's Mixed Emergent Marsh restoration areas is provided in Appendix B of this report. V. Restoration and Management Tasks and Timeline The natural resource restoration and management recommendations contained within this section are divided into three sections: Pre - Construction Management Activities, Phase 1 Restoration and Site Recovery, and Phase 2 Maintenance and Adaptive Management. Pre - construction tasks were completed prior to or during site grading in spring 2005, to capitalize on time- sensitive natural resource conservation opportunities that would have otherwise been lost during site construction. Phase 1 includes natural resource restoration and management tasks designed to address the major ecological problems on the site, restore native vegetation to non - native landscapes, and improve the ecological structure and function of pre - existing natural community remnants. Phase 2 includes management and maintenance tasks that maintain the ecological structure and function of the site through time, and that adapt restoration and management prescriptions based on the ecological response of restoration areas following initial restoration treatments. Pre - Construction Restoration and Management Activities (Spring 2005) Forest and Woodland Native Plant Salvage Prior to initial site grading in April and May 2005, Royal Oaks Reality authorized Critical Connections Ecological Services to salvage local - ecotype native forest wildflowers, ferns, and sedges from former oak forest areas that would be graded for residential homes. CCES restoration crews salvaged 2,347 native woodland plants, and transplanted them into forested Foxborough Conservation Development Restoration and Management Plan 25