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HomeMy WebLinkAbout08/30/2000 Env Bd PacketCity of Lino Lakes Environmental Board Meeting Lino Lakes City Hall August 30, 2000 6:30 PM Agenda 1. Call To Order /Pass Sign -In Sheet Approval of Minutes 3. Approval of Agenda Citizen Comments 5. Project Review (None at this time) 6. Environmental Board Business A. Commercial Area Landscape Discussion /Continued B. DNR Project/Updates C. New Projects (Discussion of time/budget constraints) D. Other Business Program /Project Updates A. Restoration Updates B. Forestry Updates C. Solid Waste /Recycling Updates 9. Close Meeting and Confirm Next Meeting Date ENVIRONMENTAL BOARD MEETING JUNE 28, 2000 CITY OF LINO LAKES MINUTES DATE : June 28, 2000 TIME STARTED : 6:32 P.M. TIME ENDED : 9:09 P.M. MEMBERS PRESENT : Maurene Davidson, Amy Donlin, Rod Kukonen, Scott Lanyon, Dave Mach, Teresa O'Connell, and Mike Trehus (arrived at 6:41 p.m.) MEMBERS ABSENT : None. Staff members present: Environmental Coordinator Marty Asleson CALL TO ORDER Chair Lanyon called the meeting to order at 6:32 p.m. APPROVAL OF MINUTES • A. May 31, 2000 - Davidson requested the correction ave Mach's name. Davidson moved to approve the May 31, 2 Donlin seconded the motion. Mo ie nanimously. APPROVAL OF AGENDA The following items were adde ing agenda: g minutes as amended above. • Discuss Heron Colony • Discuss Tree Mitigation Negotiation • Discuss Lighting Ordinance • Discuss Littering Issue The agenda was approved as amended above. CITIZEN COMMENTS No other comments were made. Since Julie Farnham was not yet present, the Board first considered Project Review items. ENVIRONMENTAL BOARD MEETING JUNE 28, 2000 • PROJECT REVIEW A. Twin City Fab, Inc. — Asleson presented the request for a TIF Land Use application and site plan for Twin City Fab, Inc. to construct a business building at 295 Apollo Drive. He noted that at the May meeting, the Environmental Board reviewed and made a recommendation on the overall site grading, and global landscape issues. The site includes a building, parking lot, on -site water swale, and a proposed future staging area. Trehus arrived at 6:41 p.m. Asleson explained that a generic and non - specific landscape detail is shown on the landscape plan that was submitted. He reviewed his discussion with Gary Nordness regarding the landscaping requirements desired and suggestions he made. Asleson reviewed the drainage patterns of the site, noting the locations of the settlement pond and storage area. He advised of sodded areas that would be irrigated and methods to restore compacted soils and create better conditions. Chair Lanyon stated his reservation with considering s a project without a landscape plan being submitted. Asleson commented on the difficulty with nati education on maintenance. He suggested a five ye landscape plantings. Asleson advised the lighting prop one foot candle at the street. C in the Board's meeting info pe pfanning due to lack of arranty contract be required for the ill b of a low shoebox -style and will not exceed ed the lighting plan was also not included In response to Trehus, s . wed several companies that offer native landscape plants and prairie restoration ° s . He noted that after a period of five years, the prairie should be established. Asleso ► advised this prairie is about three acres. Chair Lanyon stated one option is to indicate it will be considered when the plans are submitted, or the Board could wait for several days so staff can contact the developer and provide information to the Board Members via telephone or e-mail. Chair Lanyon stated he does not feel comfortable with considering this project with the limited detail that was presented tonight. He stated a timeline should be created so developers understand when information needs to be submitted for consideration before the Environmental Board. Then, if the plans submitted are inadequate, the developer can be told the Environmental Board will not consider their application. Trehus read the public notice from the newspaper indicating this is a CUP consideration for exterior storage at Twin City Fab, Inc. and Marmon Keystone. He asked if it is appropriate to discuss the landscape issues. Asleson stated the landscape portion must be considered before the project is moved forward. 2 ENVIRONMENTAL BOARD MEETING JUNE 28, 2000 Chair Lanyon stated his preference for submittals in writing rather than being based on a verbal conversation between staff and the developer. He stated if the Council feels they need to act at their next meeting, the Board can forward the project with no recommendation. Or, the Board can make comment over the next few days based on additional information being submitted to staff and relayed to Board Members. Davidson stated her preference to respond positively to this project and to encourage it. Mach stated that while he would be willing to consider this project tonight, he does not want to make a habit of considering future projects without the appropriate details. Chair Lanyon stated a better definition of a "landscape plan" and "lighting plan" is needed and suggested staff provide that information with the guidelines. Trehus questioned the differences in the procedural method with this commercial project versus a residential project. Asleson reviewed the issues . dressed by the watershed management organization dealing with water volumes that while the newspaper reported this application w considering a landscape plan. Asleson reviewed in considering this project and the specific iss water quality. Trehus noted CUP, the Board is .ttees that are involved Davidson moved to indicate that when rec place and the Board will respond to a writte submitted, via telephone or e-mail Site Plan for Twin City Fab, In subject to the following cond. equate landscape plan was in pe plan before the next meeting, if mmend the TIF Land Use Application and usiness building at 295 Apollo Drive, be 1. Provide a more det x,, andsc =.e plan, providing for plant materials appropriate to the site for both native . ' •_ - native landscape areas. All non - native areas should show irrigation. 2. Provide a five (5) year warranty period with landscape company for all landscape plantings. 3. Provide for a site soils management and reconstruction plan. This plan should include measures to reconstruct landscape soils to an uncompacted state after construction. This plan should also show soil organic amendment incorporated into any sub -soil reconstruction process. 4. Move the proposed future storage area to the east and provide a buffer planting between the storage area and pond 3. 5. Provide a detailed lighting plan incorporating low shoebox style lighting fixtures in accordance with City requirements. 6. Work in cooperative effort with the adjacent property at 265 Apollo Drive on the landscaping details. Donlin seconded the motion. Motion carried unanimously. 3 ENVIRONMENTAL BOARD MEETING JUNE 28, 2000 It was noted that this is not a recommendation for approval or denial but, rather, a recommendation that these conditions be part of any consideration on this application. ENVIRONMENTAL BOARD BUSINESS A. Landscape Ordinance — Julie Farnham presented the revised draft landscape ordinance, noting that only five pages are being presented at this time. Following discussion, the following revisions were made: Page 1: Page 1: Page 2: Page 3: Page 4: Page 4: Landscape -scale Approach, third line: "Therefore, the City encourages landscape plantings in new development or redevelopment that reflects ..." Add definition for "Native Plants" Berm: Add wording to address how to mitigate lighting impact. Add definition for "Rain Garden." B.1: "The applicant shall submit a Landscape/ creening Plan for review by the City in conjunction with all other plans 3 + uired for the site plan review application at or prior to the application s d 5) m.. B.3: "For any project that requires a cape ning Plan, the staff and appropriate advisory boards will m���� • rmin tion ..." Farnham stated she will work with staff to *� 'ne" he site and building plan review process is clearly spelled out in another ord Consensus was reached on the for submittal with the applic Environmental Board me e application process, materials required app cation deadline for inclusion on the next All agreed with the import . '' o ddressing maintenance and maintenance requirements via a maintenance plan. OTHER DISCUSSION ITEMS A. Discuss Tree Mitigation Negotiations — Chair Lanyon noted the ordinance allows flexibility to allow staff to negotiate relative to tree mitigation should a situation exist where trees cannot be placed within the project. It was noted this type of language was to be drafted as a policy or guidelines, not included in the ordinance, and would give staff the ability to negotiate the tree replacement onto another site (possibly the adjacent property, school or park property, etc.). Asieson suggested the Board review the shade tree preservation guidelines currently drafted. Farnham noted those guidelines deal with public properties. She suggested Asieson draft language defining how that type of issue could be negotiated with a 4 ENVIRONMENTAL BOARD MEETING JUNE 28, 2000 developer. Asleson stated that type of language could be drafted for PUD projects. He stated he will research how other cities have handled this situation. Chair Lanyon asked Asleson to draft such language for review by the City Attorney and consideration by the Environmental Board. He asked Board Members to submit their suggestions on tree mitigation to Asleson. PROJECT REVIEW — CONTINUED B. Marmon Keystone - Asleson presented the TIF Application and site plans for Marmon Keystone to construct a business building at 265 Apollo Drive. He noted that at the May meeting, the Environmental Board reviewed and made recommendations on the overall site grading and global landscape issues. The site for Marmon Keystone shows a building, parking lot, on -site water storage, and a proposed future storage area. Asleson reviewed the elevations and drainage patterns, noting the infiltration rates and calculations are based on uncompacted soils. Thus, his recommendation for measures to reconstruct landscape soils to an uncompacted state after instruction. Davidson moved to indicate that when received, no Board will respond to a written landscape plan b telephone or e-mail, and to recommend the T Marmon Keystone to construct a business buildin following conditions: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Provide a more detailed lands the site for both native and show irrigation. Provide a five (5) ye plantings. Provide for a site soils m ent and reconstruction plan. This plan should include measures to recon ct landscape soils to an uncompacted state after construction. This plan should also show soil organic amendment incorporated into any sub -soil reconstruction process. Move Stage 1 of the proposed future storage area to the west and provide vegetative buffer planting and cyclone fence between the storage area and pond 3 (reverse Stage 1 and 2). Eliminate treated wood to stockpile materials on. Provide a detailed lighting plan incorporating low shoebox style lighting fixtures in accordance with City requirements. Work in cooperative effort with the adjacent property at 295 Apollo Drive on the landscaping details. e plan was in place and the eeting, if submitted, via e Ap lication and Site Plan for 65 Apollo Drive, be subject to the oviding for plant materials appropriate to scape areas. All non - native areas should d with landscape company for all landscape Kukonen seconded the motion. Motion carried unanimously. It was noted that this is not a recommendation for approval or denial but, rather, a recommendation that these conditions be part of any consideration on this application. 5 • ENVIRONMENTAL BOARD MEETING JUNE 28, 2000 Asleson pointed out areas of hydric soils and calculation of the engineer that it is under 5,000 sq. ft. so they can apply for an exemption with the Rice Creek WMO. ENVIRONMENTAL BOARD BUSINESS - CONTINUED B. DNR Project Asleson reported that the committee is meeting regularly with attendees being assigned to various duties and functions. He advised that the conservation grant was funded and pointed out the areas under consideration in this project. C. Environmental Education Packet - Davidson presented an outline including names and telephone numbers and other information she had prepared for inclusion in the packet. She requested feedback before the next meeting. Chair Lanyon announced that the Environmental Board WEB page is now operational. Davidson stated she will add that WEB page indication i 's information. She reviewed other changes she had made to the packet information. Asleson presented a folder recently purchased by the same unit price. Donlin suggested the fold words "Environmental Landscape Information" wi ity w 3F; the Board could order at sold green. Asleson stated the rinted on the folder. Chair Lanyon stated he will continue his re s' a refrigerator magnet as discussed at the last meeting. Kukonen reported on his eff Project. m ormation on the Wildlife Backyard Habitat Asleson stated next year he ike to take landscaping into the field with a demonstration project on a s residential lot in an attempt to gain cooperation with the resident and, possibly, cost sharing. He noted that type of project information and photographs could be included on the WEB page and present a good start. Mach advised of the volunteer information he brought to the meeting and presented a DNR flyer addressing the benefit of landscaping. D. Letter of Recommendation / Brauer & AES - Davidson stated she volunteered to put this information together based on the Board's input. She presented a draft of the letter and asked for comments at the next meeting. 6 ENVIRONMENTAL BOARD MEETING JUNE 28, 2000 PROJECT UPDATES A. Restoration Updates - Asleson presented the Clearwater Creek brochure which will be distributed and advised of the current project status. He suggested a tour of this project and asked interested members to contact him. B. Forestry Updates - Not presented. C. Solid Waste / Recycling Updates - Asieson advised that the report for SCORE is due shortly. OTHER DISCUSSION ITEMS - CONTINUED B. Discuss Heron Colony - Chair Lanyon advised that during nesting, the heron colony was abandoned. Donlin reported on the monitoring that had been conduct colony was abandoned. Asieson commented that high impact due to 24 -hour lighting and activity. and discovery that the entire construction may have been an Chair Lanyon noted this is the City bird and e C6uncil be advised of this matter. He suggested that the re- establishment of ing habitat be researched. C. Update on Apollo Project - O'Connell ad information meeting and indicate will help him sell his property. only one resident attended the public That resident supported a berm so it D. Discuss Lighting Ordin. ce ' so stated nothing has been done on drafting a Lighting Ordinance as i 1 •tap ` • rity now Chair Lanyon suggested that the Board urge staff to place this as a riority. Trehus volunteered to draft a memorandum to the City Council from the Environmental Board recommending that the Lighting Ordinance (addressing height, orientation, intensity) be placed as a higher staff priority in conjunction with the Landscape Ordinance. This memorandum will be e- mailed to members and upon approval, will be signed by Chair Lanyon and forwarded to the Council. E. Discuss Littering Issue - Donlin presented a letter she prepared addressing the littering problem. Asleson stated he spoke with the Police Department about erecting signs and beginning a public relations campaign. He reviewed his conversation with a representative of Ace Solid Waste who estimated they picked up a ton of litter. 7 • ENVIRONMENTAL BOARD MEETING JUNE 28, 2000 Donlin stated her concern that there is no penalty imposed for littering and she believes there is a need for education regarding this issue. She noted that some States have signage at their border citing the penalty for littering. Consensus was reached to refer the letter to the Police Department CLOSE MEETING AND CONFIRM NEXT MEETING DATE It was noted that the next meeting of the Environmental Board will be on July 26, 2000. There being no further business, Trehus moved to adjourn at 9:09 p.m. Donlin seconded the motion. Motion carried unanimously. Transcribed by: Carla Wirth TimeSaver Off Site Secretarial, Inc. ENVIRONMENTAL BOARD MEETING JULY 26, 2000 CITY OF LINO LAKES MINUTES DATE : July 26, 2000 TIME STARTED : 6:34 P.M. TIME ENDED : 8:30 P.M. MEMBERS PRESENT : Maurene Davidson, Amy Donlin (arrived at 6:37 p.m.), Scott Lanyon, Dave Mach, Teresa O'Connell (arrived at 6:38 p.m.), and Mike Trehus MEMBERS ABSENT : Rod Kukonen Staff members present: Environmental Coordinator Marty Asieson and Community Development Director Brian Wessel (part). CALL TO ORDER Chair Lanyon called the meeting to order at 6:34 p.m. APPROVAL OF MINUTES • June 28, 2000 - This item was tabled to th APPROVAL OF AGENDA The following items were added to �, A� a agenda: • Lighting Ordinance Update The agenda was approved as amende . bove. CITIZEN COMMENTS No comments were made. PROJECT REVIEW — None. ENVIRONMENTAL BOARD BUSINESS • 000 meeting. A. Commercial Area Landscape Discussion — Asieson reviewed that the Environmental Board has reviewed several landscape designs for new commercial development areas coming into the City of Lino Lakes. Recommendations have been made to integrate native plantings into the landscape design of the projects reviewed. There are sound ecological reasons behind these recommendations. There is however, the "cultural" part ENVIRONMENTAL BOARD MEETING JULY 26, 2000 of the three -ring model adopted for Conservation Development that needs to be looked at more closely in the commercial development areas. He advised that recently, staff has experienced a business community that reflects a different cultural view of landscape design. He suggested the Board look more closely at this, address the concerns of the business community, and look at the ecological concerns in relationship to these cultural views. Donlin arrived at 6:37 p.m. and O'Connell arrived at 6:38 p.m. Asleson stated the City needs to look at its site resources and sometimes go beyond the boarders with historical vegetation types. He stated it seems to him that the important ecological principals to look at are preserving remnant historic vegetation types, protecting and minimizing or eliminating resource impacts, and restoring ecological systems where the opportunity exists. The principals of "Surface Water Treatment Train" and water retention/hydro - restoration in conjunction with soil management are very important issues to look at for the restoration/buffering and or preservation of development sites. Water resources are looked at from a w rate - control standard yet tremendous additional volumes of water are leaving di &p ent sites. Plant communities that have developed over time are adapted to certai st e. >,; water requirements. The City's lake ecosystems are adapted to certain na ater ' "4 =k - pules. Asleson explained the question is how the City can address the c :+ • sca ' e design issues of the business community and at the same time address , ogical concerns. Asleson stated the business community is r =' = "' way that would express a different cultural view but he believes all w be .od stewards of the land. He reported on his conversation with a landscape . o pports the use of native plants, has worked with business community de ' ye -'s, and agrees their view is different from the residential view. Chair Lanyon asked what th= " • . is being asked to consider. Asleson presented a map identifying the commercial areas of Lino Lakes and commented on the types of landscaping at several of the businesses. He noted the business park section developed by the City over the last several years with traditional landscaping of sod and irrigation. Asleson then pointed out the areas where the landscaping has been transitioned with natural plantings. Chair Lanyon noted that residential developers also have a perception of traditional landscaping which is similar to that expressed by commercial owners. Asleson agreed. Asleson stated the landscape architect he spoke with talked about the need to also address water drainage issues including run -off rates and water quality. He stated the City needs to be cautious to review models and assure water drainage issues are addressed. He asked what the Board would like to do with the commercial district properties that do not want to follow these guidelines. 1 ENVIRONMENTAL BOARD MEETING JULY 26, 2000 Chair Lanyon asked if they are resistant because they do not like the appearance or because they don't know what to do. Asleson stated it is that as well as the cultural image of approaching a business and how that should appear. Donlin stated some business owners may have the impression that natural and prairie plantings are too "wild" and not conservative enough. Davidson concurred and noted that natural and prairie plantings can be groomed to have a more typical business appearance. Chair Lanyon agreed that nine out of ten business properties have conventional landscaping and asked how close Lino Lakes is to develop a standardized response to landscaping in business areas. He suggested a list of natural plantings be developed by the City so the business community understands what is being requested. Asleson agreed with the need to identify in the landscape dinance what the City wants to see in the business community. Chair Lanyon suggested the City be more specifi . ut pl type requirements and specific guidelines so that information can be A; to a 1 dscaper and assure it is implemented. Asleson stated the other issue that needs to t.. sed is surface water, drainage, flows, and ponding. He explained the b w . something that looks nice and ties together. Trehus noted whatever is x • ture needs to blend with the existing landscape conditions. Chair Lanyon agreed with the ' `= ed for consistence today in setting a standard in the hope that the past landscaping will come along. Asleson stated he will talk again with the landscaper to see if a policy can be drafted for development and business landscape designs with the ecological resources being taken into consideration as well. Wessel stated the resistance to this new approach is probably universal whether commercial or residential, and that is not to be unexpected He suggested there could be more education and a need to better present the vision of the City. He stated the landscape ordinance is one of a series of ordinances being prepared in concert with the Comprehensive Plan, which is not yet adopted. Wessel stated the issue is now under voluntary compliance since it is not yet an adopted ordinance. However, the issue is with implementation. Wessel stated there is one project where the company became so discouraged with the weedy environment, that they responded by plowing it under and • ENVIRONMENTAL BOARD MEETING JULY 26, 2000 installing irrigation. He noted it should have been better communicated to that company that the natural vegetation is a several -year process. Wessel explained that with light industrial, it usually involves smaller companies that cannot afford a complete professional design team. He stated these companies have been using a landscaper to help them put together a landscape plan. Wessel stated it has also been suggested that the City do that for them, but that would have to be further discussed since the City does not have a professional landscaper on staff. Chair Lanyon asked how the business community would receive draft design guidelines and specified plantings. Wessel stated he thinks it would be well received but the business owner may ask for assistance on implementation. He stated a financial incentive could be offered via TIF to help with the long -term maintenance. Asleson stated he thinks the business cultural view of landscapes include a certain specific perception. Wessel stated the City suggested a pilot project in a park as a demonstration and the City has also worked with a comm cial property. However, his concern is that it does not appear nice so the perceptio that concept is not good and may jeopardize that entire vision. Asleson reviewed the landscaping with Lakel installation of plant materials by a general contrac with their landscaping but staff has been plants. He stated the native landscaping on well. d tlfe problem with the He stated the clinic is impatient em to add more flowering rty next to the clinic is doing very Wessel stated the only positi He stated it may be benef several years to demon native prairie restoration pro with the landscaping around the City Hall. ideo presentation of what it will look like in itive final result. He reported on a Council tour of a Mach asked if the only plan is for prairie or if it also includes trees. Asleson stated native trees are also part of the plan. Mach noted these projects are being started from seed, but if started from plants it would appear nice much sooner. Wessel stated that is a good idea and could be considered. Trehus agreed that it will be hard to convince the business community to support a native prairie landscape plan that looks like weeds for the first few years. Chair Lanyon asked how the City would go about hiring a design/consulting firm to prepare native landscape plans and a recommendation. Wessel stated that is not budgeted for now but if it is considered a priority by the Board, he will revisit the budget and see if it is possible to find funding. 4 ENVIRONMENTAL BOARD MEETING JULY 26, 2000 Donlin suggested the next agenda include an item for discussion with different interested firms. Mach stated the DNR has several staff members involved with native plantings and suggested they be contacted as a resource. Chair Lanyon agreed and suggested staff contact DNR and Arboretum staff to make a presentation at the August meeting on what elements the City should include in the plan. The design/consulting firms can be invited to make a presentation at the September meeting. Trehus suggested that information be compiled into a booklet and provided to developers. Chair Lanyon stated it may be that the City is not seeing all the needs of the commercial business owners which needs to be specifically addressed to assure the landscape presentation is attractive to customers of the business. He stated a design/consulting firm could assist with developing a general plan and guideline hich can be provided to the developer. Then, if they want more detailed plans for specific property, they can hire their own consultant to do so. Davidson asked what the City can do to better . F e business community about these issues. She suggested it would help for staf .: ave an early conversation with the owner to explain the surface water issues yam ed to " addressed. Asleson agreed that discussion needs to occur during their desi Chair Lanyon suggested a serie beginning, during, and end 1 spoke with made the sam ctures could be displayed to show the ances. Asleson stated the landscaper he Chair Lanyon suggested tha . f successful business sites also be compiled so they can visualize how it will look. Mach suggested one of the parks be used as a prototype for the business community. He also suggested that plants be used rather than seeds to expedite the process. Donlin commented on the landscaping of a Lake Elmo chiropractic business that contains a garden and winding pathway to the front door. Mach stated he also knows of a residential property with prairie landscaping that is beautiful. He offered to get pictures of examples for light industrial and commercial as well as depicting the appearance each of the first five years. Wessel thanked the Board for their input and suggestions on this important issue. 5 ENVIRONMENTAL BOARD MEETING JULY 26, 2000 Chair Lanyon asked staff to communicate with developers that their concern of appearance is understood by the Board and will be addressed. Trehus suggested the City envision as a goal the need to address surface water runoff and storm water treatment. He stated that, as well as the landscaping issue, needs to be resolved. Asleson clarified that storm water treatment and management is being addressed now but the issue of surface water needs to be addressed. O'Connell asked how the City will respond to the business community since the information may not be finalized until November. Wessel stated two plans are already in the works and there is a potential for one more. There are also three to four more projects that staff will be working with next spring after that information is in place. Until that time, Wessel stated staff will do the best they can. B. DNR Project/ Updates - Asleson presented an update on . «s e DNR Wild Land Urban Interface Project, noting they have not held another me,F °J g since the Environmental Board's last meeting. He advised their next meetin uled for August 15, 2000 if anyone is interested in attending. Asleson also reported on a grant that was receive 'ch will cover part of Lino Lakes and the recent finding of a rare habitat tha s, en i tified. C. Environmental Education Pack bpa _ ewsletter - Asleson reviewed efforts to develop the environmental edu et •. d webpage. He noted the article prepared by staff for inclusion in the f . s e ino Lakes News regarding the website that the Environmental Board �� d th`��� ` seum of Natural History have collaborated together to create for en meat. y responsible homeowners. Asleson stated this newsletter will be delivered ents the last week of August. Trehus suggested that the information in the article be rearranged to present the webpage address at the end of the article. The Board agreed. Donlin suggested the sentence from the article: "Here you will find numerous options to explore ways to keep our environment healthy through your own back yard" be included in the webpage. Chair Lanyon stated he will include that statement on the webpage. Davidson presented an update on the Environmental Education Packet and a DNR publication that can be included. D. Letter of Recommendation / Brauer & AES - It was noted that Davidson had volunteered to put this information together based on the Board's input. Trehus stated he found the letter to be well written and clearly stated. 6 • ENVIRONMENTAL BOARD MEETING JULY 26, 2000 Asleson stated staff will ask for a legal review as well. Donlin commented on the letter from a DNR employee and her evaluation of the Lino Lakes Technical Report product which was not favorable. Donlin noted the evaluation criticizes the City's plan as it does not integrated the DNR ways of doing business into the product. Donlin stated if Lino Lakes wants connecting corridors and links, it should include the same classification system as used by other communities so they are not trying to be an "island." Donlin commented on the importance of working with its neighboring cities. Chair Lanyon agreed with the importance of using a consultant that will assure the plan is compatible with its neighbors. He suggested Donlin ask the DNR employee for permission to share her comments with others. Trehus suggested this topic be included on the August 30, 2000 meeting agenda if the DNR employee grants permission to share the evaluation. PROGRAM / PROJECT UPDATES A. Restoration Updates — Asleson presented an •} .. t. the `own Center project and his concern with regard to maintenance and managem s> issues. Mach advised that burning encourages the grasses while cutting enco the eying plants. B. Forestry Updates - Asleson repo which may be related to the p planted. C. Solid Waste/ Recyclin SCORE grant application. staff position. ak wilt problem that has been identified He also reported on trees that have been OTHER DISCUSSION ITEMS sleson reported on staff's recent activity on the sed of his upcoming budget request for a part-time A. 4H Community Tree Plant Program - Chair Asleson asked if there is merit to become involved in this type of program. Asleson stated the 4H Community Tree Plant Program is an excellent program and there are local 4H groups that may be interested. He stated he will research this possibility. B. " Rescue Tree" Program - Mach reviewed his memorandum which detailed the creation of a "Rescue Tree" or "Adopt a Tree" Program. He commented on his activity to "rescue" trees from development projects and give them away. He suggested information be drafted to educate how to transplant a tree and to advertise when trees are available to be "rescued." ENVIRONMENTAL BOARD MEETING JULY 26, 2000 Lighting Ordinance Update - Chair Lanyon distributed copies of the memorandum he prepared from the Environmental Board to advise the City Council of the Board's request for the City to create a lighting ordinance and consider it as a priority. Trehus suggested the other information on "Dark Sky" be included for the Council's review. Chair Lanyon suggested that be presented a month later and commented that it should not take long to draft a lighting ordinance since model ordinances from other cities are available. D. Heron Update - Donlin provided information on Herons including their nesting habitat and impact from predatory owls and development activities. CLOSE MEETING AND CONFIRM NEXT MEETING DATE It was noted that the next meeting of the Environmental Board will be on August 30, 2000. There being no further business, Trehus moved to adjourn at 8:30 .m. Davidson seconded the motion. Motion carried unanimously. Transcribed by: Carla Wirth • TimeSaver Off Site Secretarial, Inc.. • 8 • Memorandum To: Lino Lakes Environmental Board From: Marty Asleson Date: 08/24/00 Re: Commercial Area Landscape Review This will be an update of findings since the last meeting concerning the landscape ordinance and the hiring of a consultant to assist the city with guidelines for landscaping in commercial/business areas. 1 • Memorandum To: Lino Lakes Environmental Board From: Marty Asleson Date: 08/24/00 Re: DNR Urban Interface The DNR Interface Task Force met on August 27. There were a number of updates including the greenway expansion project. I will bring information that is more detailed to the meeting. I have attached a Dakota County Soil and Water Conservation District Newsletter concerning environmental stewardship. It seems that Dakota County is processing a very comprehensive guidebook. Their efforts were a topic of discussion at the DNR task force meeting. 1 Memorandum To: Lino Lakes Environmental Board From: Marty Asleson Date: 08/24/00 Re: Litter Ordinance The subject of littering has been on the Environmental Board Agenda for the last two meetings. I have discussed this with the police department and they would like some time to prepare something for the September Agenda. Below is the City of Lino Lakes Code concerning littering, and a related ordinance called Public Nuisances. 301.04 Littering. No person shall litter or cast or allow to remain any rubbish or trash of any kind or nature in or about any public park or public grounds. 101.06 Penalties. Subdivision 12. Petty Offenses. Whenever an act or omission is declared by this code to be a petty offense or a petty misdemeanor, any person violating the provision shall, upon conviction, be subject to a fine of not more than $100.00. 1 August 24, 2000 aTtc 2 • August 24, 2000 Dakota County Soil & Water Conservation District •1•N World Wide Web: http: / /www.dakotaswcd.org Volume 19, Number 1 Spring, 2000 Most people appreciate Minnesota's lakes and streams. But other wetlands aren't as popular. We often hear comments such as, "this wetland is nothing but a' mosquito trap," or "what good is this wetland anyway ?" Chances are that it's good for a lot, though the overall value of a particular wetland is dictated by its vegetative diversity, landscape position, and surrounding land use practices. Wetlands and their importance to our standard of living are just now becoming understood. The benefits wetlands provide include: • Habitat for wildlife. Wetlands are prime habitat for breed- ing, nesting, feeding and cover for invertebrates, insects, amphibians, reptiles, waterfowl, songbirds, and mammals. Up to two- thirds of America's wild ducks are hatched in prairie pothole marshes of the upper Midwest and Canada. Wetlands in the United States also support about 5,000 plant species, 190 species of amphibians, and a third of all native bird species. • Water quality. The cleansing power of wetlands provides natural pollution control by removing chemicals and nutrients. Recent studies have shown that they also can be a very efficient alternative for sewage and animal waste treatment. Sediment Filtration. Wetlands filter and collect sediment from runoff water, helping prevent mud from clog- ging lakes and reservoirs farther downstream. • Reduce soil erosion. Wetlands slow the overland flow of water, reducing soil erosion along water courses downstream. Reduce flooding. Wetlands store rain water temporarily, allowing it to percolate into the ground or evaporate. The temporary storage helps to reduce peak water flows. Outdoor Enjoyment. Wetlands are ideal places to hunt, watch wildlife, take photographs, relax and . enjoy nature. Society as a whole is gaining a better understanding of wetland functions and values. Wetland legislation has begun to initiate language that Would allow land -use planners to evaluate the merits of a wetland filling or draining project based on the overall quality of the basin, not simply the acreage of the impact. It is important to note the differences between wetland functions and wetland values. Wetland functions are physical, chemical and biological processes of wetlands that are vital to the integrity of the wetland system, and operate whether they are viewed as important to society. Examples of wetland functions include ground water recharge or ground water discharge abilities, flood water retention abilities, nutrient removal abilities, and aquatic plant /wildlife diversity. Wetland values, on the other hand, are wetland attributes that are not necessarily important to the integrity of the wetland system itself, but are perceived as valuable to society. Examples of wetland values include recreational • opportunities, the wetland's unique biological or histori- cal significance, and aesthetic importance. Wetland function and value assessments tend to be somewhat controversial among social groups and geographical locations. Few attempts have been made to place dollar amounts on a unit of wetland, partly because many values are intangible, and partly because technical aspects are insufficiently understood to allow an economic analysis. However, land -use planners and wetland managers will need to look closer at the functions and values a particular wetland serves within its water- shed or ecological region in order to best maintain the integrity of our aquatic resources. Qepa rl a 9ncu tut a u /r� esot o f Gonseryatron service ,an the Dakota County So(1 and V7ater�Conservation R[stnct are offered of, a nondiscrumnatory basis without, i 4 . ;regard tio,race, color, national. origin:• religion, sex, age marital status, orhandica Trying to decide whether to use a pesticide, or how much to use? The following protocol can help you make these decisions. Do I really need a pesticide? Pesticides can provide relief from many pests, but they're not the answer to every pest problem. Although pesticides provide benefits, they can harm people, pets, and plants: If used incorrectly, they can also pollute air, soil, and water. Finding the cause of the problemis the first step in correcting it Many problems, despite appearing to be pest problems, are caused by other factors. Identification of the pest is key to controlling it. You can get help at the Dakota County Master Gardeners Plant Health Clinic every - Tuesday at 6:30 -8:30 p.m. Clinics are held June through August at the Dakota County Extension and Conservation Center in Farmington. Contact the Extension office at 651 -480 -7700 for more information. How do I control the pest? Before applying pesticides, consider the alternatives for managing home and garden pests. Through your choice and care of plants, home mainte- nance practices, general housekeeping and pet care, many pest problems can be controlled. For instance, pest- resistant plant varieties can reduce pesticide use. Integrated Pest Management or IPM uses the best combina- tion of pest controlling methods and can reduce or eliminate the need for pesticides. Contact the University of Minnesota Extension in Dakota County at 651 -480 -7700 and ask for the Master Gardener program. How do I protect my health? Pesticide labels contain a lot of information, often in very small punt. Don't let that keep you from reading them — the information is important. Read the label before you buy, apply, store, or dispose of any pesticide. Follow safety precautions and never apply more than is needed. Keep pets, children and people away from the treated area as directed by the label. How do I protect the environment? Certain pesticides are toxic to animals, including pets, insects, fish, and birds. Does the area you are working in slope to a storm drain connected to a pond or wetland? Do birds commonly feed in the garden where you want to use a pesticide? Read label warnings and check weather conditions before any applications. Additionally, the label may prohibit use of the pesticide in certain areas to avoid ground or surface water contamination. How much do I buy and when do I apply? Making a decision about how much pesticide to buy is not always easy. For some products, you must know the size of the area to be treated. In any case, only buy as much as you need at the time to eliminate storage and disposal problems. You can always buy more later. The conditions needed for the pesticide to be effective may vary. Some pesticides affect only a certain stage in the life cycle of a pest, making timing for the application very important. The label may also give instructions on what you should do after application, such as avoiding mowing or watering. • How do I safely dispose of pesticides? Disposal of pesticides and other household chemicals can lead to enviro mental contamination. Many pesticide disposal problems can be avoid by buying pesticides only when you truly need them. Dispose according to the label and never pour them down a storm drain, home drain, or toilet. The Dakota County Eco -Site accepts household hazardous wastes such as pesticides. Disposal is free. Contact the County Environmental Management Department at 952 -891 -7020 for more information. The Dakota County Soil and Water Conservation District (SWCD) has received a $103,000 grant from the Metropolitan Council to implement an important component of smart growth: Low Impact Development (LID). LID integrates ecological and environmental considerations into all phases of•urban plan- ning, design, and construction. The goals of LID include mini- mizing the impacts of urbanization on the natural water processes and maxi- mizing the protection of natural areas. The Dakota SWCD is partnering with the Metropolitan Council, Minnesota Land Trust, develop- ers, builders associations, local units of government; and others to implement the initiative. Funds from the grant will be used to promote LID through education and •voluntary incentive programs The majority of the grant dollars will be used for LID demonstration projects and cost -share grants. Low Impact Development coordinates development with greenway efforts Contact Jay Riggs at 651- 480 -7779 if you would like more information about the Dakota SWCD Low Impact Development Initiative. Conservation site design protects existing vegetation, minimizes stormwater effects, midis an important component of Low Impact Development. The Chub Creek Watershed Assessment is a joint venture. between the: North Cannon River Watershed Management Organization and the Dakota County Soil and Water Conservation District to assess the overall health of the Chub Creek Watershed in southwestern Dakota County. Already in its second year, the study has collected flow information and water quality data from six sites in the watershed. These sites include four along the main stem of Chub Creek, from Hwy 23 to the City of . Randolph, one at the outlet of a southern tributary, Mud Creek; and one at the outlet of the North Branch of Chub . Creek. Monitoring equipment at each site constantly records stream depth, which is used to calculate stream flow. Seven water quality samples were taken at each site last summer: four during low flow periods and three during rain events. These samples were analyzed for Ssubstances such as sediment and solids, nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, and fecal coliform bacteria. Although data is preliminary, Chub Creek appears to be in fair condition — the water quality is not great but it's not horrible. Fecal coliform bacteria was very high at many of the sites, especially after storms. Although fecal coliform is not itself harmful, it indicates pollution from fecal matter which could carry harmful pathogens. This pollu- tion could be caused by failing septic systems, wildlife excrement, pet waste, br animal feedlots. This summer we will take weekly coliform samples at the sites to deter- mine if the stream is impaired.by bacteria according to Pollution Control Agency standards. - In addition to the water quality and quantity moni- toring, we will also collect fish and invertebrates (bugs) from various places in the watershed this fall to deter- mine what species inhabit the creeks. Making a list of the number and type of fish and bugs in the stream can also help us determine the health of the watershed. Last summer several citizens of the watershed helped us monitor water quality by visiting a site on the creek once a week and recording the water's trans- parency and appearance. More volunteers are needed this Summer to measure transparency, collect fecal coliform samples, or record rainfall. If you would like to be involved in the Chub Creek Watershed Assessment Project or would like more infor- mation, please contact Laura Jester, Dakota SWCD, 651 -480 -7784. • On April 11, more than eighty -five people gathered at the Dakota County Extension and Conservation Center in Farmington for the first annual Vermillion River. Congress. Attendees included state and local agency staff, high school students doing water monitoring on the river, watershed citizens, and city and township representatives. Department of Natural Resources (DNR) Commissioner Allan Garber was also in atten- dance and Metropolitan Council Commissioner Ted Mondale delivered the keynote speech concentrating on smart growth- initiatives. Vermillion River Congress: participants visit a streambank in the city of Vermillion recently restored with bioengineering techniques. Presenters enlightened the crowd on topics such as the river's physical characteristics, streambank restora- tion projects, and a variety of projects and programs happening in the watershed. Attendees also traveled by bus to the Vermillion River to view a recently completed restoration project, and helped create a vision for the future of the watershed by offering their thoughts and suggestions on a variety of topics. An afternoon panel of local city staff and township officials also engaged the crowd on how the river affects local planning decisions, what local governments are doing to protect the river, and how they educate the public on river issues. When asked how they enjoyed the Congress, one participant commented, "It helped me see the bigger picture. There are so many more factors involved in environmental protection than I ever thought. I will champion environmental causes with a new passion and knowledge now." Others also vowed to become more involved and many were surprised by the number of projects and people working to help protect and restore the river. • The Congress was made possible by contributions from many-businesses and organizations including Alcorn Beverage Co, Bachman's, Inc., Cabela's, Dakota County Soil and Water Conservation District, Dakota Electric Association, Dire Wolf Publishing Services, Farmington Bakery, Farmington Greenhouse, First State Bank of Castle Rock, Hampton Bank, Helices Farms, Inc., Judy Sloan and Family, Premier Bank Metro South, Subway of Farmington, Town's Edge Conoco, Vermillie Elevator, Inc., and Vermillion State Bank. • Congress planners included.the Dakota County Environmental Education Program, Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, Trout Unlimited, Dakota County Soil and Water Conservation District, and Friends of the Mississippi River. For a copy of the handouts on the Vermillion River, contact Charlotte Shover, Dakota County Environmental Education Program, 651 - 480 -7734. Dwain Otte and Suzanne Savanick, Supervisors for the Dakota County Soil and Water Conservation District (SWCD), and Brian Watson, District Manager, recently spent two days at the state capitol and the Kelly Inn. in St. Paul discussing resource management issues and meeting with local legislators. A number of subjects were discussed, including general service grants for SWCDs, increase in cost -share funding available to landowners, technical assistance for feedlot and manure manage- ment, local water plan implementation, wetland issues, shoreland buffer protection programs, and other issues. The event, sponsored by the Minnesota Association of Soil and Water Conservation Districts ( MASWCD), began at the Kelly Inn in St. Paul in the evening with a legislative discussion featuring Senator Jane Krentz, chairperson of the Senate Environment and Agricultural Budget Division; Joe Bagnoli, from Governor Jesse Ventura's office; Owen Knutson, president of the MASWCD; Ron Harnack, executive director to the Minnesota Board of Water and Soil Resources; and Bill Hunt, state conservationist for the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). Following a morning legislative briefing at the Kelly Inn, the SWCD people met with legislators at the Capitol Building. We enjoyed meeting with and discussin natural resource management issues with the follo ' legislators: Representative Bob Milbert, Representati Tom Pugh, Representative Dan McElroy, Representative Ken Wolf, Representative Dennis Ozment, Representative John Tuma, Representative Jerry Dempsey, Senator James Metzen, Senator Pat Pariseau, and Senator Deanna Wiener. er Assessment esto ration Fi The Friends of the Mississippi River (FMR) and Dakota County Soil and Water Conservation District (SWCD) just received a grant from the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources (DNR) to continue assessment of the Vermillion River and adjacent land to identify and prioritize river protection efforts. The 2000 grant project area included the South Branch of the Vermillion River and if time allows the study will continue down the main branch east of Highway 52. As with other green - way efforts in the county, landowner participation is totally voluntary. This riparian corridor study will provide landowners • with information on how onthnue; rlsz,k;sY The results of the Vermillion River Assessment will be used as part of another related project. Friends of the Mississippi River, in partnership with the SWCD and DNR, received another !MAUL Mf, AlimoW Wind _nor ►x'37■ //i mks VaPPRIFIFAMEMLII ® . li i/�kr 'jii 1 ■ their property fits into the ecosystem puzzle and provide them with options on how to protect and enhance their land to benefit wildlife and water quality. grant from the Metropolitan Council to fund riparian and streambank restoration projects within the Vermillion River Watershed. The goal of the project is twofold: to improve water quality and enhance wildlife habitat. Eligible projects include prairie .restora- tions, naturalized shoreline stabilization, creek buffer plantings, and others. We hope to complete fifteen projects over the next two years. Call Tom Lewanski, FMR's Conservation Director, at 651- 222 -2193 or Jay Riggs at 651 - 480 -7779 if you would like more informa- tion. Now you can do two things at once: Learn about main- taining and operating your septic system and test your well water for nitrate. Here's how to do it: • From 6:00 to•7:00 p.m. drop off a sample of well water for testing. Follow these simple directions • Run the water for five to ten minutes before taking the sample. • Put a cup of water into two plastic baggies (double - bagged) or a small glass jar. The sample should be less than twenty -four hours old and kept cool until you come to the clinic. • Label the bag or jar with a code you will know (like your house numbed. • If you bring more than one sample, label sources separately. • If you have water treatment equipment installed (other than a softener), take a sample "before" and "after" to see if your system is working properly. • From 7:00 to 8:30 p.m. attend a "Septic System Operation and Maintenance" Workshop. Participants will receive a complimentary copy of the "Septic Systems Owner's Guide," produced by the University of Minnesota Extension Service.. • After the workshop, pick up your water sample test results. Staff from Dakota County Environmental Management will be on hand to answer question. Date and Location Tuesday, June 13 • ' Ravenna Township Hall . 220th Street (in Etter), east of 319 If you miss the June workshop and testing, you can get your water tested during the Dakota County Fair.Free Well Water Testing for Nitrate Saturday, August 12 Dakota County Fair, Farmington 10:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. Sponsored by the Dakota County Environmental Management Department, . Dakota County Environmental Education Program, Minnesota Department of Agriculture, and the Minnesota Department of Health. Worried about clean water? You should be — because . you are part of the problem, and you can be part of the cure. Homeowners can'help clean up our local lakes, wetlands, and streams without leaving their yards. You ,can follow lawn care and landscaping practices that are good for water quality. One goal is to keep al 'much water as possible on your yard, allowing it to soak into the soil instead of flowing to a nearby storm drain or water body. Another goal is to reduce pollutants and nutrients being carried by rain water to local water bodies. It's all that water running off our yards, driveways, and streets that is causing the problem for those local water bodies we'd like to enjoy. Historically on undevel- oped land, eighty percent of the rain water that hit the ground evaporated from trees and plants — it did not even run off the land. About twenty percent of rain water or snow melt ended up soaking into the ground or flowing off the land to a nearby water body. Today water . falling on impervious surfaces — roofs, roads, driveways, parking lots —flows quickly into a nearby storm drain or directly to a water body. Research shows that over twenty to thirty percent impervious surfaces in the watershed leads to degrada- tion of streams, where stream quality consistently shifts to a poor condition. The pollution that is carried in rain runoff or snow melt is called nonpoint source pollution. These pollutants come from a variety of sources and can not be eliminated by laws and regulations. Remember, water entering storm drains flows directly to a local water body and is not treated in any way. Only individuals can reduce and prevent nonpoint source pollution, one lot at a time. Keep water on your lawn Some ideas are very simple. • Divert your downspout so that water flows on your yard and not down your driveway. ' • Plant native plants. They have deep roots that create pathways for water to soak into the ground Some ideas take some more energy and time: • ' Increase the amount of naturalized area in your yard and decrease the amount of lawn. • Use organic mulches, shredded wood or compost for flower beds, shrubs, and trees. • Add swales and rainwater gardens to capture water on your land. Keep pollutants out of storm drains and water bodies Some ideas are very simple: • Keep fertilizer, grass clippings, and leaves off drive- ways and streets. • Use low (3 or under) or zero phosphorus fertilizer on established lawns - phosphorus is the middle number on a bag of fertilizer. • Don't dump anything down a storm drain — it flows directly to a local water body. • Wash your car on the lawn to keep detergents and oils from being carried down your driveway to a storm drain. • Clean up after your pet. Pet waste can contain . harmful bacteria and nutrients. Some ideas take some more energy and time: ■ Test your soil to find out what nutrients you need. Most established lawns in Dakota County are high or very high in phosphorus already. • Provide 15' to 25' wide buffer strips of unmowed grass or plantings along water bodies. Want to know more? • INFO -U, 612- 624 -2200: University of Minnesota Extension Service fact sheets on lawn care and land- scaping topics. • University of Minnesota Extension Service "Sustainable Urban Landscape Information Series:" http://www.sustland.umn.edu. • Dakota County Extension Service, 651 - 480 -770. packet of information on soil testing and lawn care practices the protect water quality. • Dakota County Soil and Water Conservation District, 651 -480 -7777: Information on buffers and landscap- ing practices that retain water on the land. • University of Minnesota Book Store, 800 -657 -3757: Lakescaping for Wildlife and Water Quality, by ' Carrol Henderson, Carolyn Dindorf, and Fred Rozumalski. Hundreds of volunteers of all ages are needed to help restore native habitat in a special section of the Mississippi River valley in Dakota County on Saturday May 20. Volunteers will plant native trees and shrubs and remove exotic species. This is a great outdoor event for individuals, families and groups. Registration begins at 9:00 a.m. with plant - ing and restoration occurring until 12:00. Refreshments and celebration will follow. All you need to bring is • shovel and lots of energy! This project is part of the Big Rivers Partnership program and is being sponsored by Friends of the Mississippi and Great River Greening. Contact Great River Greening for more information or to volunteer at 651 -665 -9500 ext. 2. It's spring: One of the best times to plant a tree! With Arbor Day (April 28), Earth Day (April 22), and our annual tree sale (April 27 -28) just past, it's time to think about planting trees. Probably the most important thing to consider when planting a tree is the root system. The root system of a tree plays a number of impor- tant roles in the growth and survival of that tree. Roots support the tree, giving it anchorage and stability, and they absorb water, minerals, and nutrients from the soil for photosynthesis and growth. The roots also store energy reserves, often giving the tree power to re- sprout even after being cut down. It is estimated that nearly half of the total mass of a tree is contained in the root system, which can extend laterally up to twice the height of the tree. However, approximately 85 percent of the root system is located in . the top eighteen inches of soil where water is available, temperatures are warm, and oxygen is present Before planting, think about your soil type and preparing the site. You may want to physically remove competing grass and other vegetation by tilling the area prior to planting.. After planting, pack the soil firmly ound the tree so that air spaces among the roots are minimized. Use caution, however, because too much • compaction can also create problems in the root area. It is recommended that you mulch the area around the base of the tree. This will reduce competition from grass and weeds, conserve soil moisture, and protect the tree trunk from damage by lawnmowers. Mulching can also prevent the soil from cracking, which can damage new roots. Composted organic mulch with leaves, grass clippings .and wood chips are the best as it improves the soil structure and aeration as it decomposes. Composted mulch should be applied once in the spring and again during the summer •arid shouldn't be piled higher than two or three inches. Happy planting! If you have further questions about tree planting, contact the University of Minnesota Extension, Dakota County at 651 -480 -7700 and ask for the Master Gardener program. • Our thanks to all of the citizens o 0- of �.Courityw_h . irc a ed.and planted trees this year. Over 55,000 trees and shrubs .were purchased by lando iers, It) units of government, and volunteer groups. Remember to'water:those trees until theyare established. • We also want to thank the:volunteers froth the Master Gardeners program who answered questions and gave advice to the public: Thanks also to the studeritsTat Hastings and Randolph • High School who helped bundle the trees and deliver :them to the customers. We also appreci- ate the hospitality of the Dakota County Fairgrounds Board for Making:their facilities available. znteefg.i: agn,.�d �Vtoriitoxi Here's your chance to help the environment and do useful scientific world Volunteers are needed to partici- pate in a field study of wetlands as part of the Dakota County Wetland Health Evaluation Project during the spring and summer of 2000. During the study, adult volunteers will monitor the health of over thirty wetlands in Dakota County. Volunteers will sample and _ document the plants, frogs, and invertebrates (bugs, beetles, and crustaceans) that live in the water commu- nities observed in a wetland. Volunteers will follow a sampling technique developed by the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency. The goal of the project is for volunteers to gather data on wetland health that can be used in future wetland management decisions. The volunteer monitor- ing teams will take samples from approximately five wetlands in a given community between June and August. The time commitment for volunteers for the project is anticipated to be between forty to fifty hours including training, field work, and analysis. Volunteer teams work under the direction of team leaders, secondary school science teachers or staff from local nature centers. Currently there are openings for team leaders. Team leaders receive a stipend for the extra effort required of this position. . This Dakota County Wetland Health Monitoring Project is a cooperative effort between the Dakota County Environmental Education Program, Dakota County Soil and Water Conservation District, ten communities, Dodge Nature Center, and the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency. For more information about volunteering or serving as a team leader, contact Charlotte Shover, Dakota County Environmental Education Program, 651 -480 -7734. The Dakota County Wetland Health Monitoring Program is an excellent educational oppor- tunity for anyone who wants to learn more about the ecology of wetlands or anyone involved in wetland studies. Tree.. Planters! i"K 1A11wESE To GET AO®IT1®NAL ASSISTANCE Additional information on Backyard Conservation is available on the Web at http:/ /www.nres.usda.gou For more information on the following topics, please contact the organizations listed below: Audubon and Audubon habitats For chapter information regarding habitat projects, call: 212- 979 -3117, or write: • National Audubon Society http://www.audubon.org B ackyard conservation practices • Bat Conservation International 512-327-9721 http://www.batcon.org • Wildlife Habitat Council 301-588-8994 E-mail: whc @wildlifehc.org http: / /www.wildlifehc.org • Your local USDA Service Center (listed in your phone book under U.S. government, Department of Agriculture) • USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service 202 - 720 -3210 http: / /wwwnres.usda.gov • USDA Farm Service Agency 202 - 720 -5237 http: / /www.fsa.usda.gov B ackyard Wildlife Habitat ■ National Wildlife Federation Backyard Wildlife Habitat Program 703-790-4434 - http: //wwwnwfiorg/habitats Developing and managing wildlife habitats and controlling unwanted wildlife • Your State fish and wildlife agency (listed in your phone book under State government) • International Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies 202-624-7890 Email: iafwaesso.org • The Wildlife Services office nearest you (listed in your phone book under U. S. government) • USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service 301-734-7921 http: / /wwwaphis.usda.gov Horticulture, wildlife, urban forestry • Your local extension office (listed in your phone book under local government) • A land-grant university • Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, USDA 202-720-3029 E-mail: csrees @reeusda.gov http:/ /wwwreeusda.gov • National Arbor Day Foundation 402 -474 -5655 http://www.arborday.org • USDA Forest Service http: / /wwwfs.fed.us • Your State forester (listed in your phone book under State government) Issued February 1998 Slightly Revised July 1998 Program Aid 1621 Locally -led conservation initiatives • Your local conservation district (listed in your phone book under county government) • National Association of Conservation Districts 1-800-825-5547 http://www.nacdnet.org Pollinator gardens, bee gardens • Forgotten Pollinators Campaign E-mail: fpolleneazstarnet.com http: / /www.Desert.Net/museum/fp/ Restoring and protecting wildlife habitat • Your local U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service office (listed in your phone book under U.S. government, Department of the Interior) • U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 703-358-2201' http: / /wwwfws.gov Watershed, oceans, and wetlands protection • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Wetlands Hotline: 1. 800 -832 7828 Safe Drinking Water Hotline: 1-800-426-4791 http:/ /wwwepa/gov /OWOW Other sources of information • Local garden centers • Landscapers • Garden clubs ■ Native plant societies Dakota County Soil & Water Conservation District 4100 220th Street West, Suite 102 Farmington, MN 55024 651- 480 -7777 FAX 651- 480 -7775 www.dakotaswcd.org PRINTED ON 160 RECYCLED PAPER FRorrr Covaa (top) Contour striperoppin& Tim McCabe, USDA; (center) Mockingbird eating pin cherry, Richard Day Daybreak Imagery The US. Department ofAg iculture (USDA) prohibits db. dindnatlon in all its programs and activities on the basis of r ace, colon national origin, gendez religion, age, disabili- ty, political beliefs, sexual orientation, and marital or farm ly status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to an programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information iorai1e,large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDASTARGEE Center at 202-720-2600 (voice andTDD). 7b file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director Office of Civil Rights, Room 326W,Whitten Building, 14th and Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 202509410 or nil (202) 720.5964 (voice orTDD).USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employee and Conservation A tradition of caring for our natural resources 1 Farmers and ranchers, and many Homeowners, are making progress in natural resource protection.You can join their conservation tradition, right in your own backyard. There are nearly 2 billion acres of land in the United States. About 70 percent of that land is privately owned, and care of that land is in the hands of those who live and work on it. Most of that land, 1.4 billion acres, is man- aged by farmers and ranchers. More than 92 million acres of land —an area the size of California —is privately developed and much of it is tended by homeowners. Farmers and ranchers use conservation plans to help them apply practices that meet their production objectives and protect soil, water, air, plant, and animal resources.You may want to develop a plan for your own backyard to help you apply conservation measures that fit your needs. Or maybe, for now, you'd like to try just a few of the activities in this book. We hope you'll enjoy these activities that bring beauty and diversity to your yard — whether your "yard" is measured in acres, feet, or flower pots. We know you'll feel good about improving the environment and joining the conservation tradition of America's farm- ers and ranchers. 2 PREvlous PAGE (top) Contour striperopping; (bot- tom right) Nortbern cardinal; female; (bottom left) Water and plants to attract butterflies; (top left) Water lily C O N T E N;.`C s In this publication, you'll see practices used to conserve and improve natural resources on agricultural land across the country. You'll see how you can use similar practices in your own backyard to help improve the envi- ronment, help wildlife, and in many cases, make the area more attractive and enjoyable. Most backyard conserva- tion practices are easy to put in place.Tips and highlights are given here, but for more information, or for help in developing your backyard plan, you may want to consult a local landscaper, garden club, or any of the organi- zations listed in the back of this book. This book highlights 10 conservation activitiles9 adapted from farms and ranches, that can be used in your backyard. 4 PLUS... "quick Tips" Tree planting Page 6 Nutrient management Page 21 Wildlife habitat Page 8 Backyard pond Page 14 Terracing Page 22 Water conservation Page 23 PREVIOUS PACs I, (top left) Mockingbird eating pin cberry; (top center) Backyard pond and water, loving plants This PAGE (right) Contour striperopping. On the farm �a, im t.1cC�be. USDA vrr Backyard wetland Page 16 Composting Page 18 Conservation efforts by many farmers and ranchers help keep the air clean; maintain good- quality water for drinking, recreation, and fish and wildlife; provide homes for wildlife; ensure healthy soil; and sus - tain a diversity of plants. These benefits help people, wildlife, and the environment. Numerous Federal and State conserva- tion programs are aimed at natural resource protection and sustainability. Many provide educa- tional, technical, and financial assistance to help farmers consider and implement con- servation practices. Pest management Page 24 In your backyard Tgees in your backyard can be home to many different types of wildlife.Trees also can reduce your heating and cooling costs, help clean the air, add beauty and color, provide shelter from the wind and the sun, and add value to your home. 6 Choosing a tree Choose a tree that will pro - vide enjoyment for you and that fits your landscape. Take advantage of the abun- dant references on gardening in local libraries, at universities, arboretums, and parks where trees are identified, and from native plant and gardening dubs, and nurseries. Before you buy, you can find out if a tree is appropriate for your area, how big it will get, how long it will live, its leaf color in the fall, any nuts or fruit it may bear, and the proper planting' instructions and care for that species. Make a conscious effort to select trees native to your area. They will live longer, be more tolerant of local weather and soil condi- tions, enhance natural biodi- versity in your neighbor- hood, and be more beneficial to wildlife than non-native trees. Avoid exotic trees that can invade other areas, crowd out native plants, and harm natural ecosystems. Plant a variety of tree species. For wildlife, choose trees and shrubs that bloom and bear fruit or nuts at dif- ferent times of the year. • • Pluvioii; PAGE (top) Farmstead windbreak; (bottom left) A restful, soothing place among tbe trees; (top left) Enjoying tbe backyard Rim Pecs (top left) Cbipping sparrow nest (top right) Twine will be removed before planting; !a (bottom left) Field windbreak. r Planting a tree A properly planted and maintained tree will grow much faster and live much longer than one that is incorrectly planted. Trees can be planted almost any time of the year as long as the soil is not frozen. However, early fall is the optimum time to plant trees.The roots grow some during the first fall and winter and when spring arrives the tree is ready to grow. Your second choice for planting is late winter or early spring. Hot summer weather is hard on newly planted trees and planting in Pozen soil during the winter is difficult and tough on tree roots. Be sure to carefully follow the planting Instructions that come with your tree. if specific instructions are not available, follow these tips: M Dig a hole twice as wide as, and slightly shallower than, the root ball. Roughen the sides and bottom of the hole with a pick or shovel so that roots can penetrate the soil. • With a potted tree, gently remove the tree from the container. Lay the tree on its side with the container end near the planting hole. Hit the bottom and sides of the container until the root ball is loosened.With trees wrapped in plastic or burlap, remove the string or wire that holds the wrapping to the root crown. Remove the wrapping if it is plastic; burlap may be left in place. • Gently separate circling roots on the root ball. Shorten exceptionally long roots, and guide the shortened roots downward and outward. Root tips die quickly when exposed to light and air; so don't waste time. • Place the root ball in the hole. Leave the top of the root ball (where the roots end and the trunk begins) 1/2 to 1 inch above the surrounding soil, making sure not to cover it unless roots are exposed. As you add soil . to fill in around the tree, lightly tamp the soil to collapse air pockets, or add water to help settle the soil. • Form a temporary water basin around the base of the tree to encourage water penetration, and water thoroughly after planting. A tree with a dry root ball cannot absorb water; if the root ball is extremely dry, allow water to trickle into the soil by placing the hose at the trunk of the tree. • Mulch around the tree. Early maintenance For the first year or two, espe- cially after a week or so of especially hot or dry weather, watch your trees closely for signs of moisture stress. If you see leaf wilting or hard, caked soil, water the trees well and slowly enough so the water soaks in rather than runs off. This will encour- age deep root growth. Keep the area under the trees mulched and free of other plants. Until the trees are deeply rooted, grasses and other plants may take up moisture before the trees can get their share. On the farm WindbreakS'and tree plantings slow the wind and provide shelter anct food for wildlife Trees can shelterlivostock - and crops thej''rare used asbarriers•to slow;Winds that blow across large cropped .. fields and through fanxisteads: An established "windbreak slow"s.yvind omits downwind sidefor a distance of<10 times the height of the trees Farmstead and field windbreaks dnd tree plantings are key corfipnrrenfs of conserva -`tion system They a!so improve air quality by captUrmg; dust Planting a rrjix n tree species helps prevent total losses to disease ancf sever ;weather it also provide food riesting, areas, and cover far;a variety of wildlrfe Sy`J a. a E3'' B In your backyard our backyard can be home for many different types of birds, butterflies, beneficial insects, bats, and other wildlife.Trees, shrubs, and other plants provide both food and shelter for wildlife.The types of plants you use for food and cover will help determine the wildlife species attracted to your backyard. Consider native plant species first. Plant a variety of species. Select plants that flower and bear fruit at different times of the year. Shrubs that produce berries can provide food throughout the year. Trees with nuts and fruit can also provide seasonal foods. Flowers and fruits of some plants attract hummingbirds and butterflies to your backyard.You also can construct bird houses and other shelter and put out commercial bird foods. Attracting birds 'to your yard These are examples of plants that you can grow to attract birds and other species. Be sure to check with your nursery on what grows best in your area. Shrubs for birds Common juniper Higbbusb blueberry Hollies • Pyracantba Red -osier dogwood Serviceberry 1 Spicebusb Sumacs Viburnums Wax myrtle Trees for birds and other wildlife American beecb American bolly Apple Balsam fir Black cherry Black gum Cottonwood Crabapple Flowering dogwood Hawtborns Hickories Live oak Oaks Red mullberry Vines for birds American bittersweet Native boneysuckle Strawberry Trumpet creeper Virginia creeper Wild grape • Flowers for birds Aster Conef lower Coreopsis Sunflower Nectar plants for hummingbirds Hummingbirds are typically attracted to red and yellow tubular flowers, although they frequently visit others as well. Bee balm Columbine Delphinium Fuchsia Honeysuckle Jewel weed Lobelia Penstemon Phlox Salvia Trumpet creeper Additional food and shelter for birds You can provide additional food and shelter for birds and other wildlife by build- ing or purchasing feeders and houses and by setting out certain foods. Watching birds feeding can be an enjoyable pastime. Find out which birds spend the winter in or migrate through your area, and provide food for them. Check to see which birds 1 1 PREVIOUS PAGE (top) Northern cardinal, male; (bottom right) Supplemental food for birds; (bottom left) Interspersed native plants This PAGE (top right) Anna's hummingbird (bottom right) Eastern bluebird male, at nest box are most common and which are rare or in special need of food and shelter. Many species of birds can be attracted by a variety of feed in different styles of feeders. Be sure to put feed- ers out of reach of predators. Common food for birds Hummingbird. Sugar water (1 part sugar to 4. parts water) in a feeder. 1?very 3-4 days, wash feeder with soap and water, rinse thoroughly, and add new sugar water. Oriole: Citrus fruit on a nail Titmouse, nutbatcb, chick- adee, and many others: Black oil sunflower seeds Goldfinch, pine siskin: Thistle seed Woodpecker, wren: Plain suet in a suet feeder NOTE: Use offeeders could attract some wildlf species that you may not want to feed, sucb as starlings, crows, and squirrels Type and placement offeeders and the type of food can help deter unwanted species. Bird houses Q • Choose a location that birds will find appealing and secure, usually away from the bustle of human activity. Make or buy a bird house specifically designed for the species of bird you want to attract.The size of the hole is most critical to prevent the eggs and young from being destroyed by larger birds; always check a list of appropriate hole sizes. Susan Day, Daybreak Imagery 9 Attracting butterflies to your yard Colorful butterflies add beauty and interest to...your backyard.There are hundreds of different species of butterflies in North America. Butterflies require food in liquid form, such as nectar produced by plants.They get some of it from flowers and from juices of extra-ripe fruits.The types of flowering plants you grow will determine the kinds of butterflies you will attract to your backyard. Observe species nearby, and use plants that attract them. Provide nectar - rich flowers for adult butterflies and foliage for caterpillars. Do not use insecticides near plants for butterflies. 3 Nectar plants for butterflies Aster Azalea Butterfly bush Butterfly weed and other milkweeds Coneflower Lantana Lupine Milkweed Phlox Zinnia Plants for caterpillars Caterpillars, the larval stage of butterflies, need nourish- ment as well. Native plants are the choice of many species. Plants for caterpillars include: Aspen Birch Butterfly weed and otber milkweeds Dill Hollyhock Senna Sorrel Spicebrusb Willow Dea4 dying, and hollow trees and logs Many people are not aware of the value of dead, dying, and hollow trees, as well as logs on the ground, for wildlife. Dead trees provide homes to over 400 species of birds, mammals, and amphibians. Fish, plants, and fungi also benefit from dead and dying trees. Consider leaving standing dead and dying trees in your yard unless they pose a human safety or property hazard, and use downed woody materials in gardens and landscaping. 10 Attracting bees to your yard In the United States, there are nearly 5,000 different species of native bees— almost all of them solitary, friendly bees that nest in holes in the ground or bur- rows in twigs and dead tree limbs.These bees don't have hives to protect so they are not aggressive and rarely sting. Bumblebees, carpenter bees, sweat bees, leafcutter bees, digger bees, and others pollinate many differ- ent kinds of plants, and play a critical role in healthy wild plant communities and gardens. Some 30 percent of our diet is the direct result of a pollinating visit by a bee to a flowering fruit tree • • or vegetable plant. Providing bee habitat in your yard can increase the quality and quantity of your fruit and vegetable harvests. Nectar plants for bees Bees are attracted to most flowering plants, and are especially fond of blue and yellow flowers.Try planting your garden so you have different species blooming in the spring, summer, and fall. Plants for bees include: Bee balm Black -eyed Susan Cardinal flower Clover and other legumes Cosmos Crape myrtle Goldenrods Lupine Mallows Milkweeds Mints Sunflowers Bee houses A good use for scrap lumber (at least 3 -5 inches thick) is to drill holes (from 1/8 -inch to 5 /16-inch in diam- eter) about 90 percent of the way into the thick wooden block. Space the holes about 1/2 -inch to 3 /4-inch apart. The 5/16 -inch holes work best as homes for orchard bees, which are excellent pol- linators of fruit trees. Hang your bee blocks under the eaves of your house or gar- den shed, protected from direct sun and rain. Attracting bats to your yard Bats can be beneficial and interesting mammalian species in your neighborhood. Bats are among the most important consumers of night- flying insects, including mosquitoes, moths, and beetles. For example, a PREVIOUS PAGE (top) Monarch butterfly on coneflower; (bottom right) Digger bee; (left) Giant swallowtail after emerging from chrysalis THIS PAGE (top right) Canada goose; (bottom) Egret over wetland; (left) Pallid bat with insect On corporate lands Some corporate lands: are set aside, and managed just.for wildlifer . habitat.', The, Wildlife Habitat:Council. has implemented wildlife enhancement programs, on more -than 550,000 acres in, the Unitedt States . and eight other'countr,ies. r Habitat projects on corporate lands are corporate - driven cooperative ;efforts among management, ':employees,. the community; local, conservation groups; andz rlocal ,State an Federalt �•r; 9 en 1 cies km single little brown bat can catch more than 600 mosquitoes In an hour. Watching bats fly around light posts catching bugs can be an interesting nighttime activity. To help attract bats and pro- vide them with much-need- ed roosting habitat, you may want to consider putting a bat house in your yard.The houses should be placed on poles or buildings at least 15 feet high in a spot that receives 6 or more hours of sun per day. Tree trunks are usually too shady for bat boxes. Some species, such as red bats and hoary bats, will use foliage of shrubs and trees, while oth- ers, such as evening and Indiana bats, will roost under loose bark or in cavities. As with all wildlife, bats should be watched but not handled or chased. Bats are generally shy of humans, and rarely "attack" or fly after a person, but if caught or picked up from the ground, a bat may bite in self- defense. Bats should not be handled. F,* Water for wildlife Clean, fresh water is as important to birds, bats, and other wildlife as it is for people. Water in a saucer, bird bath, or backyard pond gives wildlife the water they need. Remember to change the water every few days to keep it fresh. In hot weather, it may be necessary to refill the con- tainer every day. Logs, rocks, and other in -water structures provide drinking and basking habitat for turtles, butterflies, and songbirds. Stones with depressions that collect water will help attract butterflies. Hint Butterflies, birds, bees, and all wildlife are very vulnerable to many pesticides and other chemicals. Probably the best single thing a gardener can do for wildlife is to minimize chemi- cal use. If you use chemicals, always follow label instructions. 12 • PREVIOUS PACE (top) Backyard pond witb lily pads and frogs; (bottom) Cleaning birdbath; (left) Thistle feeder witb pine Arkin and American goldfinches Tins PAGE (top right) Rose - breasted grosbeak, male; (bottom right) Streamside buffer of trees and otter. plants; (bottomileft) Red -eared and lasted turtlles; (top left) Eastern bluebirds Farmers ,' area instaliing: grass tree andshrub :plantings, ponds and other, *wildlif`e habitat; at record Rrates Buffer stripsalong? waterwaysti grass areas;; and: ` native prairielplantngseare some,:; of.` the. practices,used`on; farms:`., Nesting structures such 'as bird, ` and bat.. ouseszare: sometimes: p'rovidedtfor. wildlife Sometfarm ers plant<or leave: food plots, of; corn millet or other grains specific aIIy for`wUdlife Pheasants grouse e,quair prairie. chickens gmourningtdoves and songbirds` ,,as welll:as,leopardr^ frogs, diamond =back terrapin;.' red bats,, and other wildlife, benefit from.habitat that, farmers; and ranchers establish, on their. ` land:. Farmers - appreciate and.-`_' enjoy: wildlife:, supported by good habtat, and: also. benefit from pollination and "Pest Control byr> eneficial insects --: 7.1 • •• •••• •-..".r"...s. , 1 '41 1 •,.'-.... 3 ,11/' 0 ''' • ' ..4, ,:y -r 1 A .•,,,! ,,,: 7. ' • :1 .•.:.! g . ;(....2., 4,- .1.;.9. '*gg," ...4 ..1.., / ,it••••• .:). , , . ,:s...1 .....h. tY /11, 41t/rd f t •.1 .3 41. itte .17 In your backyard ackyard ponds are for birds, butterflies, frogs, fish, and Bad and your family. These ponds are typically small, sometimes no larger than 3 to 4 feet in diameter. Water is very effective in drawing wildlife to your back- yard. It is also a natural, relaxing, and scenic addition that can provide interest and enjoyment. 14 Where to put a backyard pond Consider locating your backyard pond in view of a deck or patio where everyone can enjoy it. Have it blend in with its nat- ural surroundings. Plan to landscape around the pond to provide habitat for frogs and birds that need land and water. Be sure electrical service is available for a pump, filter system to keep water fresh, or for lighting.There will be less maintenance and cleanup and most aquatic plants will grow better if your pond is not under trees. When to install a backyard pond You can put in a backyard pond any time the ground isn't frozen or overly wet. Plan on taking at least a weekend to install and landscape. Backyard pond supplies Most sites will require lining with an impervious material to hold a constant water level. A flexible liner made of sheets of strong plastic is generally the easiest way to line your pond. Flexible liners may make it easier for the pond to fit into the natural surroundings of your yard. Pre-formed rigid liners also are available, but generally are more expensive and more difficult to install. A wooden half barrel with a liner makes a nice small, above-ground pond.You2 also need a pump and filter to maintain dean water and healthy fish.You can add plants, landscaping, heaters, or special effects like fountains and waterfalls. Size and depth Common regrets of backyard pond owners are that the pond was too small or too shallow. Minimum depth for fish is 18 inches; a deep end of 2 or 3 feet is recommended. Size and shape of ponds with rigid liners are dictated by the liners.A pond with a flexible liner may be any shape or size. Establishing plants Free-floating plants, such as duckweed, are an integral part of keeping the water in your pond cleat Use native plants that are recommended for your area. • • PREVIOUS PAGE Recirculating water in backyard pow THIS PACE (top) Landscaped backyard pond; (right) Fishing in faun pond; (left) Your pond' may be as simple as a birdbatb. On the farm • Also use submerged pots of water lilies, iris, spikerush, arrow -arum, duck potato, marsh marigold, and other native wetland plants. Natives are hardy, and typically survive over winter in the backyard pond, unlike most non - native, tropical species. Plants should cover 50 to 70 percent of the water surface. Set the plants 1 to 2 inches under water, the pots may need to be sup- ported by submerged rocks or bricks. If you are using native plants, there is usually no need to fertilize them. For some exotic water lilies, limited fertilizing —once yearly — may be required. Check with your nursery on care of plants and how deep to place potted plants. Be aware that overfertilizing may cause unwanted algae blooms which can rob the water of oxygen. Add fish and scavengers Consider stocking your backyard pond with fish.They are fun to watch, and help keep the pond free of unwanted insects.You'll also need scavengers, such as aquatic snails and tadpoles, to help control algae. In cold climates, a heater may be necessary for fish to survive the winter. Be aware that heaters can use large amounts of electricity. Hint Fill a small area with sand or gravel to cre- ate a shallow area where bees and butter- flies can drink. Safety Locate the backyard pond where it is unlike- ly that unattended children may be attracted to it. Check local safety ordinances to deter- mine if a fence is required for the specific depth and size of your pond. Check local building ordinances for depth and safety restrictions and permits. Equip outdoor out- lets with a ground-fault circuit interrupter, More help Your local nursery, landscaper, or other sup- plier can give you more information on the step -by -step process of building a backyard pond, selecting and establishing suitable plants in and around k, and landscaping. A. properly located and, maintained farm pond can help stop gully erosion and improve water quality. Ponds provide water for livestock, waterfowl, and fish; store water for emergencies; and add beauty to the landscape. Wildlife use ponds for water and habitat. As one. Iowa farmer says about his pond, "I was always taught ." that one generation . does for the next, and we thought leaving the land and. water in better condition would be something good to leave to our' children and grandchildren." In your backyard any yards can support a backyard wetland that benefits you and your community. Letting runoff from your roof, parking area, and lot slowly filter through a mini wetland helps prevent pollution of neighbor- ing creeks and may help prevent flooding. 16 Where to put a wetland Low areas that remain wet or damp much of the year are the easiest places to establish wetlands. Any depression that collects rainwater or runoff from downspouts, or serves as the path of drainwater leaving your yard, is an excellent spot to plant wetland piants.You'll create a backyard wetland area that will be very low maintenance. There will be no more "bogged down" lawn mowers because no mowing will be needed! The area will attract wildlife and filter the water draining off your property. If you do not have an appropriate natural site, you can create a wetland the same way you would a backyard pond. Do not put excess fertilizer or pesticides on your lawn or other areas feeding your wetland. How to build a wetland Partially blocking an existing drainage way or digging a shal- low basin may be all you need to do if you have clay soil that naturally holds water. In better drained soil or where you want your wetland to stay wet most of the time, you can dig a shal- low depression and bury a plastic liner as you would to create a backyard pond. How long the area stays flooded or wet dur- ing the growing season is key to the types of plants to use. If runoff will not naturally keep the area wet enough, you will need to have a supply of water available for occasional use. • • PEEvcous PAGE Wetland plants in low area between buildings. THIS PAGE (top) Wet area below a spring grows wetland plants; (right) Goldfinch on conefower, (bottom) Restored prairie pothole wetland • Important! Because of the variety of potential conditions that you can create, and the potential side - effects of blocking drainage ways, you should always consult an expert before starting a wetland project. What to plant A wide variety of attractive plants can grow in wet areas. Cattails and many varieties of reeds thrive in the open sun and are easy to care for. Many species are not harmed by long dry periods during the summer. Cardinal flowers, sweet flag, and pickerel weed thrive in wet areas. Trees and shrubs like black gum, water oak, red -osier dogwood, button bush, and sweet pepper bush add texture, color, and beauty to any landscape, and are adapted to poorly drained soil. A vari- ety of attractive ferns, skunk cabbage, and Jack -in- the - pulpit grow well in wooded wetlands that are damp and shaded. If you create bog conditions of permanently damp organic soil, you can grow native orchids, Venus flytrap, and sundew Wildlife in your wetland Many birds and small animals will quickly start using your wetland. Usually frogs, toads, salamanders, and aquatic insects will find your wetland during the first spring. A deep, perma- nent pool, in the wetland can support native frogs, toads, and possibly fish that will eat mosquito larva and other insects. Most frogs and toads need spring pools in which to breed; their tadpoles need shallow water for several weeks while they mature. Wetlands that dry out in the summer can sup- port a variety of plants and wildlife and will not produce mosquitoes. In your backyard 11 organic matter eventually decomposes. Composting speeds the process by providing an ideal environment for bacteria and other decompos- ing micro - organisms. The final product, humus or compost, looks and feels like fertile garden soil. This dark, crumbly, earthy - smelling stuff works wonders on all kinds of soil and provides vital nutrients to help plants grow and look better. Decomposing micro- organisms need four key elements to thrive: nitrogen, carbon, moisture, and oxygen. For best results, mix materials high In nitrogen (such as clover and fresh grass clippings) and those high In carbon (such as dried leaves and twigs). If there is not a good supply of nitrogen -rich material, a handful of general lawn fertilizer will help the nitro- gen-carbon ratio. Moisture is provided by rain, but you may need to water or cover the pile to keep It damp. Be careful not to saturate the pile. Oxygen is supplied by turning or mixing the pile. More turning yields faster decomposition. Getting started Many materials can be added to a compost pile, including leaves, grass clippings, straw, woody brush, vegetable and fruit scraps, coffee grounds, livestock manure, sawdust, and shredded paper. Avoid using diseased plants, meat scraps that may attract animals, and dog or cat manure which can carry disease. Composting can be as simple or as involved as you would like, and depends on how much yard waste you have, how fast you want results, and the effort you're willing to invest. Cold composting With cold composting, you can just pile grass clip- pings and dry leaves on the ground or in a bin.This method requires no maintenance, but you'll have to wait several months to a year for the pile to decompose. Cold composting works well if you're short on time or have little yard waste. Keep weeds and diseased plants out of the mix. Add yard waste as it accumulates. 18 • • PREVIOUS PAGE Nutrient-ricb compost Tim PAGE (top)American cranberrybusb Viburnum; (top right) Compost bin made of fencing wire; (bottom right) Wooden compost bins; (bottom) Manure storage Hot composting Hot composting requires more work but with a few minutes a day and the right ingredients you can have finished compost in a few weeks. Hot piles must be built all at once in a 4- to 5-foot cube and turned regularly. As decomposition occurs, the pile will shrink. A 3-foot cube is needed to main- tain necessary heat. Hot piles can reach 110 to 160 degrees Farenheit, killing most weed seeds and plant diseases. • On a level site, lay down bricks or prunings to promote air circulation. • Spread several inches of the high-carbon material, then mix high-carbon and high-nitrogen material together. Water periodically. • Punch holes in the sides of the pile for aeration. • The pile will heat up and then begin to cool. Start turning when the pile's temperature begins to drop. Move materials from the center to the outside and vice versa. Turn every day or two and you should get compost in less than 4 weeks.Turning every other week will give compost in 1 to 3 months. Finished compost will smell sweet and be cool and crumbly to the touch. •: CROW Carter Rem Grant HREmen '• .. • • • • • . • M U 1 C H 1..N G wait In your backyard Mulching involves placing a layer of organic materi- al around plants.As mulch decomposes, it adds organic matter to the soil.This provides important nutrients for plants and an ideal environment for earthworms and other organisms that help enrich the soil. Mulching can recycle yard wastes and improve your soil. Mulch protects soil from erosion, prevents weed growth, conserves soil moisture, stabilizes soil temperature, reduces compaction, and keeps clean and dry any fruit or vegetable that touches the ground. Mulch materials The best place to look for mulch materials is in your own yard. Grass clippings and leaves work well for mulching if they are dry and weed free. Avoid adding clip - pings to your vegetable garden from lawns that have been treated with weed killer within the last two mowings. If you live near farming areas, you may be able to get old hay from a farmer or feed store. Compost makes an excellent organic mulch material. It adds nutrients to the soil and has a natural appearance.Wood chips and bark work well around trees and shrubs and make attrac- tive walkways through .gardens. Applying mulch Apply mulch when plants are established and soil is warm. First, water your garden well.Then place a layer of mulch around the plants.Thickness of the mulch layer varies for each material: Dry grass clippings Shredded hardwood mulch, straw, or wood chips .. Compost Dry leaves 20 2 inches 2 to 4 inches 3 to 4 inches 6 inches DA You will help insulate the root zone and lower evaporation rates if you liberally apply mulch. Be careful not to smother the plants. As the mulch breaks down, add more material to the top throughout the growing season. After harvest, work the mulch into the soil to integrate the organic matter, or leave it on the surface to decay naturally and be carried into the soil by earthworms. Leaving the previous year's crop stubble tt'i ' yik°'�37r z on the soil surface is called conservation tillage. This practice_ helps keep wind from blowing soil particles and helps stop rain from washing soil away. Also, research is showing that leaving crop residues helps hold carbon in the soil and aids in reducing greenhouse gases. This practice is often used in combination with other conservation measures such as wind strips or contour farming Gcne Alexander, USDA In your backyard Nutrients are essential for good plant growth, but overapplying nutrients is not good for plants or for the environment. Excess nutrients leach through the soil and end up in ground water, or run off into storm sewers and end up choking a lake or stream. • The three primary plant nutrients are nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Generally, nitrogen promotes top growth, phosphorus helps develop stronger roots and more flower and fruit production, and potassium builds durability and disease resistance. Remember to consider native plants or others with low fertilizer needs. Soil test is key The key to good nutrient management on the farm and in your backyard is a reliable soil test.Without a soil test, you could be applying too much, too little, or the wrong nutrients.You'll want a separate soil test for your lawn and for your garden. Commercial soil test kits are available at nurseries and lawn and • garden suppliers. Ask for information on how to take your soil samples. Apply only the nutrients needed according to the soil test, and at the right time. Never exceed the recom- mended rate. Fertilizing lawns • Use slow-release nitrogen fertilizers. • Mow often, and leave grass clippings on the lawn for fertilizer. ■ Be careful not to spread fertilizer on sidewalks and driveways. • Be sure to calibrate your spreader correctly. Fertilizing gardens ® Use compost to enhance or replace fertilizers. ® Choose a level site, or terrace the garden, to avoid runoff and erosion. ® Place fertilizer near plants rather than broadcast it over the entire garden. • Add organic matter to the soil by using manures and organic fertilizers at a conservative rate. Lynn Betts. USDA On the farm PREVIOUS PAGE (top) Applying shredded mulcb; (bottom) Soybeans growing tbrougb corn residue. THIS PAGE (top right) Using soil test kit in yarn• (bottom) Testing soil on tbe farm; (top left) Curbside runoff drains to lake. ti Agricultural producers sample sods.: for nutria =: entneeds_As tech <Y nology becomes available and afford able, more producers are varying .fertdizer =.'. rates. within each field,. depending on soil test results This precision farming method places the correct amount of fertilizer where it<is needed. Applying only those- nutrients plants: can use improves tl farm economically and environmental( In your backyard Terraces can break your backyard into several mini gardens. On steep slopes, terracing can make planting a garden feasible. Terraces prevent erosion by shortening the long slope into a series of shorter, more level steps.This allows heavy rains to soak in rather than run off and cause soil erosion. Materials for terraces Building terraces is like building a staircase.The material you use to make the face of the stair may be treated lumber —such as railroad ties, poles, or posts —or bricks, rocks, concrete blocks, or similar materials. Height of walls The steepness of the slope often dictates wall height. Make the terraces in your yard high enough so the land area between them is fairly level. Be sure the terrace material is strong enough and anchored well enough to stay in place through freezing and thawing, rainstorms, and so forth. Large projects, such as retaining walls, may require a profes- sional design and specialized assistance and equipment. Be sure to check local building codes regarding the instal- lation of high walls, and work safely. Erosion control is a consideration Heavy rains can cause erosion between terraces, and create small gullies if water concentrates as it goes over a terrace. To help prevent erosion, add mulch or other good ground cover on land between terraces. 22 Terraces' catch, runoff water, let the water. Soak. into the ground, and' "deliver,'the excess safelyr to the bottom of ", 'a: hillside —much . like eavespouts onT a house. The earthen ' ridges- built. around, a hillside: on the contours cut a Tong; slope into, shorter slopes preventing waterfrom, building to a ,highly erosive force Some terraces, are seededtto grass, which, provides erosion control and a nesting. area for. birds.. Terraces are often, used in combination with other conservation practices to provide more complete soil}`; protection A Tx'Et R C O'_N,`S E R. V`A T 1: 0 • f In your backyard If you rely on watering to make your lawn grow and your garden productive, consider a more efficient system. There are several ways to improve the use of water. Use water again When it rains, if no water recycling system has been planned, the water that runs off your house keeps on going to the storm sewer. By saving that water, and reusing it on your gar- den or lawn later, you save energy and water. A simple recycling system directs water from eavespouts to a storage barrel.You fill a bucket with water from the storage barrel and carry the water to your garden.This is a simple and effective system. However, you may want a more elaborate method of capturing and distributing rain water. Watering to save energy • Q Whenever practical, water in the early morning. Q.," In arid climates, it's okay to water in the evenings and at night.You'll lose less water to evaporation than if you watered in the middle of the day, and the plants are less stressed and can take up the water more efficiently. Mulch or fiber cloth preserves soil moisture.You can find sup- plies and information at a nursery or hardware store. Consider planting native species.They usually use little or no water beyond normal rainfall. Drip irrigation benefits A drip irrigation system will provide water directly to the plant.You can control the flow to each plant. PREVIOUS PAGE (top) Terraced flowerbeds; (bottom) Farming grassed terraces on the contour. THIS PAGE (top) Drip irrigation in vegetable garden; (bottom) Efficient drip irrigation on the farm. Drip irrigation ranges from inexpensive soaker hoses to elaborate computerized systems.There may be an up -front investment, but you'll use less water and have . better water distribution. Garden or hardware stores will have the supplies you need. You may even want to engineer your own system from a gar- den hose. Be sure not to overapply fertilizer when using a drip system. Ron Nlotblt. USDA On the farm Drip irrigation, commonly used on fruits and vegetables, minimizes the amount of water that . evaporates, and it maximizes the - amount that is used by plants. By placing: the water directly on the plant, or next to it„ less water evaporates and less is. wasted on bare soil., - use less energy to pump water and, since', they spray water downward, less water evaporates before it, reaches the crop Farmers implement ';` other water. management practices to reduce -the amount of water used to prOdUck a crop n W In your backyard ood planning can put you a step ahead of unwanted insects, weeds, and diseases. Healthy, vigorous plants minimize pest damage. Regular monitoring of your lawn or garden is the best way to stay on top of potential plant health and pest problems. If you see minimal damage, it is often easiest to just tolerate it and continue monitoring. If pests begin to cause serious damage, there a number of treatment methods. 24 Preventing pests • Plant disease and pest - resistant species. • Select a variety of hardy plant species and space them propeily. • Select plants that bloom and bear fruit at different times of the year. • Plant flowers, herbs, and vegetables together and change the location of annuals every year to prevent buildup of certain pests. • Clean up plant litter and remove weeds before they go to seed. • Add bird and bat houses to the garden. • Provide habitat for beneficial insects that prey on pests. • Water and add nutrients properly to increase plant vigor. Physical pest control • Remove insects by hand. • Wash pests away using a spray nozzle. • Set traps. • Make physical barriers around plants, such as a wire mesh fence partially sunk into the ground for rabbits, aluminum foil wrapped around vegetable plants for cutworms, and solid barriers to prevent weeds from invading flower beds or vegetable gardens. Beneficial insects Having the right insects in your garden or backyard can keep pests and weeds in check. Beneficial insects, such as ladybugs, assassin bugs, and praying mantises, prey on insects that can harm your plants. The following insects can help control pests in your backyard: • Ladybugs and lacewing larvae for controlling aphids and a wide variety of other insects. • Preying mantises for controlling many insects. • • PREVIOUS PAGE (top) Bluebird at nest boat (bottom) Spot spraying dandelion; (top left) Seven-spotted lady beetle. This PAGE Scouting a farm fieIa • Seedhead weevils and other beetles for controlling weeds. • Predatory mites for controlling pest mites, thrips, and many others. • Ground beetles feed primarily on caterpillars that attack trees and shrubs. Chemical controls If the methods listed above fail to solve your pest problem, use chemicals of low toxicity and rapid decomposi- tion. Always read the label, follow directions, wear pro- tective clothing, and spot - spray Some of these chemicals are: • Pesticidal soaps for aphids, scale crawlers, whiteflies, and thrips. • Insecticidal dusts for aphids, beetles, fleas, ticks, ants, and crickets. • Horticultural oils for aphids, mites, leafhoppers, mealybugs, scales, plant lice, and mosquito larvae. • Botanicals for leafminers, fleas, and ticks. Before you apply pesticides, make sure that they will not harm beneficial insects or be hazardous to humans, pets, or wildlife. Living in harmony with wildlife In some instances, practices described in this book could attract unwanted wildlife, or more of a species than is desir- able. If you have problems with any wildlife species, most nurseries or garden stores, and organizations listed in the "Where To Get Additional Assistance" section at the back of this book can provide information on preventing or control- ling them.The government agencies listed can provide infor- mation on Federal and State regulations regarding protection of wildlife species. Equipped with the right information and tools, most people are able to solve their own problems and live in harmony with wildlife. On the farm E:Y E R.V B "0.D'Y H' A S A. B /l a K; Y A. R. D. In your school or community Even if you don't have a backyard of your own, there are many opportunities to use the practices in this book to contribute to a healthy environment. Backyard ponds, wetlands, native grass plantings, and plants that attract wildlife can improve school grounds, areas around apartments and businesses, community gardens, parks, and other community areas. Consider starting a backyard conservation project in your community. Any vacant lot or unused space is a candidate for improvement with natural plantings. A community garden can be a source of pride as well as a source of food. A garden also can be a hands -on teaching center for natural resource conser- vation concepts: Businesses often sponsor community improvement projects in cooperation with schools and civic organizations, which con- tribute labor. 26 Ways to promote backyard conservation in your neighborhood • Encourage public officials to practice backyard conservation on parks and other public property. • Plan projects in cooperation with neighboring property owners. • Encourage community involvement. . • Encourage your building owner to use backyard conservation practices on the grounds around the building. • Encourage school classes and other organizations to become involved in planning and caring for the areas. • PREVIOUS PAGE (top) Restored community wetland; (center) Scrub jay drinking from birdbath; (bottom) Urban community garden. This PAGE. (top left) Planting to enbance community areas; (top center) Robins; (top right) Mulch of grass clippings on vegetable garden; (bottom right) Native plants add interest to pond; (bottom left) Fun and learning in scbool garden. • Dakota County_$oil and Water Conservation District Low Impact Development initiative The Dakota County Soil and Water Conservation District (SWCD), in partnership with the Metropolitan Council, Minnesota Land Trust, developing cities and townships, Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, developers, and others, is undertaking an intensive campaign to promote and reinforce incorporation of low impact development concepts into new and existing developments. Environmental Impacts of Urban Development Urban development causes an overall imbalance in the hydrology of a watershed. As sidewalks, roads, parking lots, rooftops, and other hard surfaces that inhibit water from infiltrating into the ground are constructed, more water runs off the land and less water is incorporated into groundwater. During storms, the rainwater flows .off impervious areas very quickly into stormsewers that often discharge directly into natural streams, wetlands, and lakes. • Low Impact Development Solves the Problem • The Dakota SWCD will assist local units of government to implement an important component of smart growth: Low impact development (LID) LID integrates ecological and environmental considerations into all phases of urban planning, design, and construction. The goal of low impact development is to eliminate or minimize the impacts of urbanization on the natural water processes occurring within the watershed. What the LID Initiative Will Do • Establish two to three state-of-the-art demonstration projects • Provide financial incentives to developers/landowners to incorporate LID concepts • Work with local units of government to adopt stormwater ordinances that promote/require incorporation of LID concepts to the extent practicable • Actively promote the initiative through a variety of outreach and educational activities • Implement (develop if necessary) protocols for identifying and prioritizing subwatersheds where. LID practices will have the greatest positive impact Low Impact Development Saves Money and Saves Our Natural Resources! Questions? Call Jay Riggs, Dakota SWCD, at 651 -484 -7779 or email at jay.riggs(a3co.dakota.rnn.us. Dakota County Soil and Water Conservation District Fact Sheet Environmental Impacts of Urban Development Urban development causes an overall imbalanr•e in the hydrology of a watershed. As sidewalks, roads, parking lots, rooftops, and other hard surfaces that inhibit water from infiltrating into the ground are constructed, more water runs off the land and less water is incorporated into groundwater. During storms, the rainwater flows off impervious areas very quickly into stormsewers that often discharge directly into natural streams, wetlands, and lakes. Decreased flow during dry weather periods and increased flow during storms have an adverse impact on local surface waters. What is Low Impact Development? Low impact development (LID) integrates ecological and environmental considerations into all phases of urban planning, design, and construction. The goal of low impact development is to eliminate or minimize the impacts of urbanization on the natural water processes occurring within the watershed. Components of Low Impact Development I. Urban Planning: Integration of the soil, biological, and hydrological characteristics are considered while designing the site so that environmentally fragile areas (steep slopes, wetlands, natural depressions, aquifer source areas ) are not developed or encroached II. Decreasing Runoff Volume: The goal of LID is to decrease runoff volumes by increasing runoff infiltration and maximizing evapotranspiration (evaporation and uptake of water by plants). Use of water permeable materials for sidewalks and parking areas, reduction of sidewalk and street widths in low traffic areas, reductions in building setbacks from roads to reduce driveway lengths, routing water from rooftops and driveways to lawns, and eliminating conventional curbs and storm- drains on streets will all decrease overall runoff volumes III. Promoting Natural Processes: Inclusion of wetlands, grassed swales, natural vegetation, detention ponds, bioretention and infiltration devices are all effective in reducing runoff volumes and increasing infiltration. Bioretention practices are designed to mimic naturally vegetated areas that naturally control hydrology through infiltration and evapotranspiration. Bioretention is well suited for -residential lots. Dry wells, or infiltration basins, are small excavated areas backfilled with stone and are used to control rooftop or pavement runoff. The use of open vegetated watercourses and swales are more desirable than storm drain systems because of their ability to slow water movement and decrease runoff volumes. Regional detention basins can also help alleviate peak runoff volumes. The. Dakota SWCD is committed to working with land owners, developers, and local units of government to promote LID concepts in Dakota County. In addition to technical assistance, financial incentives may be available to qualified projects. Contact our office for more information. Roof Grains to Parking Lot Sturm Saar (Typindi Comm., l Lot Mice Hat f Paved f+ \Pardee `av •.nra Conventional Development Landscape „ Area (N chi ` _. MUM r' J +1 +,. ,, r l iiMa \ • N Sidawotit ∎ Z �Ziiparpgr N )t..1 ` • Street l Mono saver We t .Cstarm Germ Gullet ".• Nanttote tit Low Impact Development Noe: Unlined= cd Nam sem spawn and Ineteasel seals wow Manse ttis to taw 3. Graphic modified from Texas Nonpoint SourseBOOK web page DAKOTA COUNTY SOIL 8 WATER CONSERVATION DISTRICT Dakota County Extension and Conservation Center 4100 220th Street West, Suite 102 Farmington, MN 55024 Phone: (651) 480 -7777 Fax: (651) 480 -7775 Primary Coptact Jay Riggs, Urban Conservationist (651) 480-7779 jay.riggs@co.dakota.mn.us trrop, Miausata IE111TMEIT 11 Willi n:011Cli NATURALIZING YOUR URBAN LOT An Ecosystem -based Approach NATURALIZE AN EXISTING LOT You can do many things on your lotto improve its "fit" • into the landscape. Proper landscaping can attract wildlife, reduce yard maintenance time and cost, reduce energy bills and improve water quality. The key is prior planning, and plant selection. Planning - You don't need to be a landscape architect to plan your landscaping. Just sketch the existing lot with house, trees and . other features. Next, look for opportunities to improve the entire neighborhood with a key feature. Your lot could be a vital link between two wildland areas. More likely, adding a consistent water source for birds and other animals could complement neighboring cover and food plantings. MAINTAIN NATURAL FEATURES DURING CONSTRUCTION The best time to consider natural landscaping is before the bulldozers reach the lot. Determine the features you want to save and adjust your building pad and driveway location accordingly. Fence the areas you want to save so equipment and building materials are kept well back from the vegetation. Make sure your builder and all subcontractors know what areas you want to save. The booklet "Protecting Trees from 1, Construction Damage" from the Minnesota Extension Service gives detailed information on maintaining vegetation during construction. Ask for publication NR-FO-6135-S. Draw in the features you want to add. Placement is important. Water next to ready perches and food sources will attract more wildlife. To add an evergreen thicket for wildlife cover, place to the north and west sides of the house to reduce winter heating bills. Next time you mow the lawn, think about the areas that take the most time, the odd corners. These are the first places to install mulch beds, rock and perennial gardens, and water features. Curving borders around these areas will really speed up the mowing and trimming. Plant selection - Keep three things in mind when selecting landscaping plants. First is the purpose. Do you want a fast - growing shade tree, shrubs for wildlife cover, or perennials for beauty and bird food? Next, find the species that will grow best in your area and on your soil. Look at nearby wildland areas to see what grows there naturally, and talk to your local nursery. Use native plants whenever possible. Finally, consider the mature size and age of the plant. A 10 -foot maple may look great next to the house. However, when it grows to be 80 feet tall, it may conflict with overhead powerlines or scrape against the house. For more detailed information on landscaping, pick up the book "Landscaping for Wildlife" and the booklet "Energy Conservation in the North: A Homeowner's Guide." CREATE NEIGHBORHOOD WILDLAND CORRIDORS An ecosystem approach to landscaping involves integrating your actions with existing and planned conditions around you. Meeting with neighbors will help you understand their plans and objectives and allow all of you to work together to improve the local ecosystem. Group plantings along common backyard boundaries can create corridors to improve wildlife habitat and tie existing wildlands together. Contact your local DNR Forester to learn more about working together as a neighborhood. ECOSYSTEM -BASED MANAGEMENT THROUGH COMMUNITY PLANNING Large contiguous areas of forest or other vegetation are critical to the survival of many wildlife species such as moose, timber wolves and many songbirds. Fragmentation of the forest, prairie, or other vegetation types by urbanization can seriously affect wildlife habitats. Properly clustering development can help reduce the impact of urbanization, by reducing fragmentation. Citizens active in the community can encourage economic growth while reducing the impact of development on the environment. YOUR ACTIONS & THE ENVIRONMENT A Wider View of Ecosystem -based Management ECOSYSTEM -BASED MANAGEMENT Ecosystems include all the living organisms and their physical surroundings (soil, water, air), and the natural cycles that maintain them. Ecosystem -based Management is an approach to managing natural resources that considers the effect of our activities on the community, environment, and the economy. Instead of focusing on a single site or species in isolation, we look at how our activity fits into the ecosystem as a whole. HOW DO YOU FIT IN? Your home is part of a community, and that community is part of a natural system or ecosystem. Your actions can improve or deteriorate the quality of the ecosystem Everyday actions like watering the lawn can have minor effects on the water quality of your ecosystem. The cumulative effect of this action by many in your community can result in water shortages and depleted water quality. Actions such as pouring used oil down the storm sewer, or applying excessive lawn chemicals can have detrimental effects on the ecosystem. Fish kills and interrupted food chains are just a couple of the negative impacts that can result from a single action. The Challenge: Ecosystem Based Management focuses on the environment, economy, and society as parts of a whole. By understanding the effects of one part on another and the whole, we can sustain a healthy environment, economy and society. "Nature is not just a place to visit, it is home" Gary Snyder Practice of the Wild 1990 Conversely, native landscaping by the community has the cumulative effect of improved water quality and other benefits. Landscaping around your home can dramatically add to the quality of the area. Although trees, water features, flower gardens and other plantings can attract wildlife to your lot, proper design can have wide - ranging benefits. If you consider the neighborhood and community, what you do in your yard can complement adjacent features. Your yard could be a key link in a wildlife travel corridor. RULES OF THUMB Look at the big picture - Because water doesn't stop flowing at legal borders, and plants and animals don't recognize property lines, we need to coordinate activities across larger areas to better manage our resources. Treat the problem, not the symptoms - Seek to understand the root of a problem. For example, if a plant dies in your yard, find out why it died. The site may not suit the species of plant. Follow nature's lead - Look at how nature works in your ecosystem, and mimic those activities. For example, nature uses fire to restore and maintain prairies. We can maintain prairies with proper use of prescribed fire. Work with partners - Share ideas and actions with neighbors and others in your community to improve the entire ecosystem Your ideas are valuable! Be open to new ideas and new approaches - Consult professionals to learn proven techniques, but recognize that local conditions may require unique approaches. Don't throw out any of the pieces - In ecosystems, everything is connected to everything else. Sustaining healthy ecosystems requires a diverse mix of native species and habitats, and interrelationships to maintain them. • • COUNTY OF ANOKA glop- THIRD AVENUE ANOKA, MINNESQTA 55303 PAY Twenty thousand six hundred eighty seven and 661100 Dollars :•• : . z CITY OF LINO LAKES 7.O. THE ORDER . : 600 TOWN CENTER PARKWAY LINO LAKES, MN 55014 United S1fates ....; • •'••••••• : • ' •••• ................. ....... CHECK NO. 881301 'AMOUNT .**$20,687.66 NORWEST BANK*MINNESOTA N.A.*ANOKA, MINNESOTA . •••:•••. illooaa L30100 1:09 L0000 191: 00 M300911000 INVOICE DATE 18-AUG-00 18-AUG-00 • REMITTANCE ADVICE CHECK NO. 881301 DESCRIPTION JAN-JUN SCORE REIMBURSEMENT TOTALS DISCOUNT NET PAYABLE 20,687.66 $20,687.66 • • T er of eh CO LA 00 N I:ei'NT r etCCOMN O N C+) O) LA M r LA LO 0 0 0 O N N CO N r 1: of 0000 r 03 0 N N 0 0 0 O LO M M r LA LA O C 0 '4' CO N CO Ch (� N r 0 CV O) N N CaNel'Ca CV CD 7 >3 U - N -) LiCO t� Q2-5 CO CO CO CO CO CO N CD N. 0 CO La N CV N N OD r-000OOTO) T T r CO Cn CO is. rl d' (0 d' T. T CO - — N T N T CO 0 CO 0) r efl N LA N LA N . CO M — N N CM N 0 CO N 0 N N G NIr 0 0 O O L() L) r- CO CO N- CO O O CO 0 0 00 N.: 000000— r LA O CO TI et' CO T - C\i - N O LOMNti - —ILA r CA 0) CO N CO d, N r CV CV CV C\I er T co r co Ch nO,) CO r M O NCOI'- NrCON. 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