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CHAPTER 7 <br />When the council is going to discuss a major public issue, the bylaws or the <br />council, by resolution, may allot a limited, specific amount of time for each <br />side to express its views. The council may also follow this procedure for all <br />items on the agenda. <br />Parliamentary procedure <br />Parliamentary procedure is a system of rules that make it easier to transact <br />business. They are designed to preserve order, expedite business, and <br />protect the rights of those involved in making the decision. The mayor, as <br />presiding officer, is responsible for guarding against abuse of the <br />procedures. But, the effective use of parliamentary procedures is the joint <br />responsibility of the mayor and of all councilmembers. <br />Parliamentary rules can be very simple or very complex. The complexity of <br />rules should vary in direct ratio to the size of the group; i.e., as the number <br />of people in the group increases, the complexity of the rules should <br />increase. Accordingly, the rules for city councils should be simple. Any <br />attempt to introduce a high degree of formality into the proceedings of a <br />city council will probably reduce its ability to operate effectively. <br />The rules of parliamentary procedure apply to council proceedings only if <br />the council formally adopts such rules in its bylaws. Roberts Rules of Order <br />were designed for meetings of large bodies. Rather than adopt these rules as <br />a formal procedure to always be followed, a council can agree to informally <br />follow these rules while conducting meetings. An informal application of <br />these rules, together with the common sense of the councilmembers, may <br />be the only guidelines many councils need in order to conduct their <br />business in an orderly manner. If a very controversial discussion is about to <br />occur, the mayor or some other councilmember could move to adopt more <br />formal rules for that particular discussion. <br />The following discussion introduces a few rules of parliamentary procedure <br />that can simplify the work of the council. These rules are contained in <br />Roberts Rules of Order. The council can adopt them by inserting the <br />following clause in the bylaws: "In all points not covered by these rules, the <br />council shall be governed in its procedure by Roberts Rules of Order (or <br />some other similar code of parliamentary procedure)." <br />Motions <br />The council transacts business through motions made by councilmembers. <br />These motions are seconded, at times, and subsequently passed or rejected <br />by council vote. Each motion has different rules. For example, councils can <br />155 <br />