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2. SNOW PLOWING AND ICE CONTROL STANDARD PROVISIONS <br />A. Commencing Snow Plowing and Ice Control Operations <br />1. The Public Works S4pep4sef Superintendent will decide when to begin all snow plowing <br />and/or ice control operations. The criteria for that decision are: <br />(a) Snow accumulation amounts; <br />(b) Drifting of snow that causes problems for travel; <br />(c) Icy conditions which seriously affect travel; <br />(d) Time of snowfall in relationship to heavy use of streets; <br />(e) Air and pavement temperatures; and <br />(f) Weather forecast. <br />2. Snow plowing and ice control operations are expensive and involve the use of limited <br />personnel and equipment. In addition, snow and ice characteristics, as well as pavement <br />and weather conditions, vary extensively and can be unpredictable for each winter storm. <br />Therefore, the Public Works Supervisor will exercise his or her professional judgment <br />when evaluating the decision to begin snow plowing and ice control operations. <br />B. Snow and Ice Control Methods <br />1. The City will choose from a variety of available snow and ice control methods best geared <br />to tackle the varying conditions of snow, ice, weather, and pavement conditions for each <br />winter storm event. Some of these methods may use sand, salt, and other chemicals <br />when there are hazardous ice or slippery conditions. The City is concerned about the <br />effect of such chemicals on the environment and will limit its use for that reason. <br />2. The following methods, or combination thereof, may be used in the City's snow plowing <br />and ice control operations: <br />(a) Snow Plowing is the pushing of accumulated snow with a snowplow blade and <br />redirecting it into the boulevard areas (typically). This is the traditional and most <br />common form of snow removal from pavements. <br />(b) Snow Blowing is similar to snow plowing but employs a motorized rotary blowing <br />device to propel the snow into the air and away from the area being cleared. <br />(c) Applying Salt is the spreading of rock salt onto the pavement surface to melt snow <br />and ice accumulations where hazardous ice or slippery conditions exist. The <br />effectiveness of salt to melt snow and ice is typically limited to pavement <br />temperatures above 0° F. <br />(d) Applying Sand is used in locations where a layer of ice covers the pavement surface <br />and air temperatures are too cold for salt to effectively melt the ice. Sand applications <br />may be used at traffic intersections with hazardous ice or slippery conditions to <br />improve vehicular friction for stopping and traction for acceleration. <br />(e) Pre -wetting is when brine or other chemical solutions are added to the salt (and/or <br />sand) mixture prior to dispersal to the pavement surface, causing the mixture to stick <br />to the pavement instead of blowing off the pavement. <br />(f) De-icing is a generic term for the removal of existing snow and ice from a pavement <br />surface by either mechanical means (plowing or scraping) or chemical methods <br />(applying salt or other ice melting chemicals). De-icing activities are intended to <br />break the bond between a layer of ice or snow and the pavement surface. <br />(g) Anti -icing is the pretreatment of pavements with ice melting chemicals (usually liquid <br />brine or wetted salt) before a winter storm to prevent or delay the formation of ice <br />