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C. Materials and Surfacing <br />1. Required Surface: <br />(a) Bituminous asphalt <br />(b) Concrete <br />(c) Pavers (interlocking brick, concrete, permeable pavers) <br />(d) Other materials as approved by the City Engineer or Zoning Administrator. <br />2. Gravel or Crushed Rock <br />Gravel, crushed rock, or other loose surfacing materials are prohibited for all new or <br />expanded driveways and parking areas. <br />3. Permeable Options <br />Driveways and parking areas are considered impervious surfaces for the purposes of this <br />ordinance. However, if permeable paving systems are proposed, partial credit toward <br />impervious surface calculations may be approved at the discretion of the City Engine er. <br />Applicants seeking impervious surface credit must submit the manufacturer’s specification <br />for the proposed permeable system and soils data, infiltration rates or other information as <br />requested by the City Engineer to verify the functionality of the sys tem. Credit may be <br />reduced or denied if site conditions, soils, or installation methods are determined to be <br />unsuitable for effective infiltration. <br />4. Drainage and Runoff <br />Driveways must be graded and constructed to direct runoff toward the street, drainageways, <br />or approved stormwater facilities. Driveways shall not be designed to concentrate runoff <br />onto adjacent properties or cause erosion, ponding, or other nuisance draini ng conditions. <br />5. Maintenance <br />Driveways shall be maintained in good condition and repair at all times. Driveway surfaces <br />shall be free of potholes exceeding three (3) inches in depth or twelve (12) inches in <br />diameter. Cracks exceeding one (1) inch in width, or any cracks resulting in v ertical <br />displacement of the surface, shall be repaired. No driveway surface shall result in the <br />tracking of gravel, sediment, or debris onto public streets or adjacent properties. Driveways <br />constructed of permeable materials shall be maintained to prevent settlement, displacement, <br />or clogging that impairs drainage or infiltration. Failure to maintain a driveway in <br />compliance with these standards constitutes a violation of this Code and may be subject to <br />administrative enforcement and penalties in accordance with Chapter 3301 of the City <br />Code. <br />D. Driveways onto County Highways <br />Access drives onto County Highways shall require a review by the County Engineer, who may <br />determine the appropriate location, size and design of the access drives and may limit the number <br />of access drives in the interest of public safety and efficient traffic flow. <br />E. Turnarounds <br />1. All lots except one- and two-unit residential buildings, townhouses and four-unit residential <br />buildings shall be designed so that vehicles do not have to back into a public street.