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Tree Inventory: The entire population of trees(44)surveyed on this portion of the Allee were Junipers or Eastern Red Cedars(Juniperus virginiana). Their girth ranged from 8 inches to 11 inches diameter at breast height(4.5 feet) or DBH. Their heights ranged from 22 feet to 30 feet. The spacing of the trees was approximately 12 to 14 feet on center.Historic photographs from the cemetery's photo collection indicate that these trees were planted in the late 1920's or early 1930's. This indicates that the trees range in age from 70 to 75 years. Background of Eastern Red Cedars: Eastern Red Cedar are a US native, and naturally occur in the midwest. Historically, it was limited to rocky outcrops and cliff tops on the edge of oak savannas, protected from fires.In those secluded places it could reach 300 years of age. It is has no resistance to fire because of the high essential oil content of its leaves and bark. With fire suppression in the Midwest these trees have spread dramatically across abandoned lands,quarries,etc.. Eastern Red Cedar in-Urban Plantings &Allees: Although this planting occurs in a cemetery,these Eastern Red Cedars are not growing in park like conditions.These Eastern Red Cedars,to all extents and purposes, occur on an urban street with water saturated and compacted soils, salt spray,with severe susceptibility to diseases as a single species stand. The straight species of Eastern Red Cedar(not a horticultural cultivar(CV) or hybrid) is rarely used in horticulture, because of its susceptibility to a large number of leaf blights, viruses and rusts that this species suffers from. Large groupings of Eastern Red Cedar, like this cemetery planting,with hundreds of individuals of the same species and age class,rarely occurs anymore.Although visually striking this is a vulnerable planting.As with all monotypic(single species)planting in cultural settings,disease is more prevalent and more severe than in mixed species plantings. Condition of Inventoried Trees: In general terms,the 44 tree population surveyed was unhealthy,with signs of approaching mortality evident in many individuals. Many of the 44 trees have broken or missing limbs. On close inspection 10 individuals have significant twig blight with cedar apple rust evident on a number of individuals. Additionally, 5 trees have already been removed from this portion of the Allee. Michael Lyons said that the trees had been removed due to their poor condition. The site's soils adjacent the trees was severely compacted, likely, because of their location on this cemetery entry drive that invites frequent parking on their root zones.Eastern Red Cedars are sensitive to compaction, and are subject to frequent and severe compaction here. Eastern Red Cedars are also sensitive to wet soils,which occurs here because of direct runoff from the adjacent asphalt road. The amount of turf surrounding the trees has mitigated some impacts to the root zone;however all of the trees in the Allee have suffered massive disturbance from heavy machinery excavating graves and markers. (See Images#1,2, 3). Most of the trees have poor scaffold branch attachments with many broken limbs. These trees are susceptible to breakage during ice and snow storms, and are modest hazard trees due to the presence of targets(passing and parked cars). Additionally,the trees have been improperly pruned with flush cuts, which causes significant internal structural weaknesses within the trunk. This factor raises the likelihood of these trees being hazard trees. (See Images#2, 3, 4).